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July 1994                                                         

TABLE OF CASES - Sections 1 - 60

        Case           Section

Achilli v. United States, 353 U.S. 373 (1957) 16

Alexander v. Thornburgh, 943 F.2d 825 (8th Cir. 1991) 23

Allstate Insurance Co. v. United States, 329 F.2d 346 (7th Cir. 1964) 25

Amoco Production Co. v. United States, 619 F.2d 1383 (10th Cir. 1980) 60

Andresen v. Maryland, 427 U.S. 463 (1976) 3

Armstrong v. United States, 327 F.2d 189 (9th Cir. 1964) 31

Azcona v. United States, 257 F.2d 462 (5th Cir. 1958) 30

Baker v. United States , 401 F.2d 958 (D.C. Cir. 1968),

cert. denied, 400 U.S. 965 (1970) 13

Banks v. United States, 204 F.2d 666 (8th Cir. 1953),

vacated and remanded, 348 U.S. 905 (1955), reaff'd,

223 F.2d 884 (8th Cir. 1955), cert. denied, 350 U.S. 986 (1956) 8

Barcott v. United States, 169 F.2d 929 (9th Cir. 1948),

cert. denied, 336 U.S. 912 (1949) 8

Bateman v. United States, 212 F.2d 61 (9th Cir. 1954) 31

Beard v. United States, 222 F.2d 84 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 350 U.S. 846 (1955) 31, 33

Beaty v. United States, 213 F.2d 712 (4th Cir. 1954),

vacated and remanded, 348 U.S. 905 reaff'd, 220 F.2d 681 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 349 U.S. 946 (1955) 8

Bernabei v. United States, 473 F.2d 1385 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 414 U.S. 825 (1973) 10

Berra v. United States, 351 U.S. 131 (1956) 16

Blockburger v. United States, 284 U.S. 299 (1932) 3

Blumenthal v. United States, 332 U.S. 539 (1947) 23

Borgeson v. United States, 757 F.2d 1071 (10th Cir. 1985) 40

Bostwick v. United States, 218 F.2d 790 (5th Cir. 1955) 33

Bramblett v. United States, 231 F.2d 489 (D.C. Cir.),

cert. denied, 350 U.S. 1015 (1956) 24

Brandenburg v. Ohio, 395 U.S. 444 (1969) 40

Braverman v. United States, 317 F.2d 49 (1942) 23

Bronston v. United States, 409 U.S. 352 (1973) 24

Brouse v. United States, 68 F.2d 294 (1st Cir. 1933) 7

Bryson v. United States, 396 U.S. 64 (1969) 24

Burns v. United States, 111 S. Ct. 2182 (1991) 5

Bursten v. United States, 395 F.2d 976 (5th Cir. 1968) 12

Bursten v. United States, 453 F.2d 605 (5th Cir. 1971),

cert. denied, 409 U.S. 843 (1972) 8

Campodonico v. United States, 222 F.2d 310 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 350 U.S. 831 (1955) 31

Canton v. United States, 226 F.2d 313 (8th Cir. 1955),

cert. denied, 350 U.S. 965 (1956) 30

Caplin & Drysdale, Chartered v. United States, 491 U.S. 617 (1989) 25

Charron v. United States, 412 F.2d 657 (9th Cir. 1969) 31

Cheek v. United States, 498 U.S. 192 (1991) 8-13, 15, 16, 25, 40

Chinn v. United States, 228 F.2d 151 (4th Cir. 1955) 30

Clark v. United States, 211 F.2d 100 (8th Cir. 1954),

cert. denied, 348 U.S. 911 (1955) 8, 10, 30

Clinkscale v. United States, 729 F.2d 940 (8th Cir. 1984) 31

Cohen v. United States, 297 F.2d 760 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 369 U.S. 865 (1962) 8, 40

Cooley v. United States, 501 F.2d 1249 (9th Cir. 1974),

cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1123 (1975) 10

Costello v. United States, 350 U.S. 359 (1956) 31

Couch v. United States, 409 U.S. 322 (1973) 25, 31

CTS Corp. v. Piher Intern. Corp., 527 F.2d 95 (7th Cir. 1975),

cert. denied, 424 U.S. 978 (1976) 60

Datlof v. United States, 252 F. Supp. 11 (E.D. Pa.), aff'd,

370 F.2d 655 (3d Cir. 1966), cert. denied, 387 U.S. 906 (1967) 9

Davis v. Beason, 133 U.S. 333 (1890) 40

Dawley v. United States, 186 F.2d 978 (4th Cir. 1951) 31

DeJong v. C.I.R., 309 F.2d 373 (9th Cir. 1962) 40

Dennis v. United States, 384 U.S. 855 (1966) 23

Dew v. C.I.R., 91 T.C. 615 (1988) 40

Dickinson v. United States, 154 F.2d 642 (4th Cir. 1946) 31

Doe v. United States, 487 U.S. 201 (1988) 41

Doe v. United States, 777 F. Supp. 590 (E.D. Tenn. 1991) 25

Donnell v. United States, 229 F.2d 560 (5th Cir. 1956) 7

Ecclesiastical Order of ISM of AM v. Commissioner,

80 T.C. 833 (1983) 40

Edwards v. United States, 375 F.2d 862 (9th Cir. 1967) 13

Eggleton v. United States, 227 F.2d 493 (6th Cir. 1955),

cert. denied, 352 U.S. 826 (1956) 30

Elwert v. United States, 231 F.2d 928 (9th Cir. 1956) 8, 30

Escobar v. United States, 388 F.2d 661 (5th Cir. 1967),

cert. denied, 390 U.S. 1024 (1968) 12

Ewing v. United States, 386 F.2d 10 (9th Cir. 1967),

cert. denied, 390 U.S. 991 (1968) 8

Faretta v. California, 422 U.S. 806 (1975) 40

Feichtmeir v. United States, 389 F.2d 498 (9th Cir. 1968) 31

Flemister v. United States, 260 F.2d 513 (5th Cir. 1958) 31

Fogarty v. United States, 780 F.2d 1005 (Fed. Cir. 1986) 40

Ford v. United States, 210 F.2d 313 (5th Cir. 1954) 31

Fowler v. United States, 352 F.2d 100 (8th Cir. 1965),

cert. denied, 383 U.S. 907 (1966) 8, 30, 31

Friedberg v. United States, 348 U.S. 142 (1954) 31

Fuller v. United States, 110 F.2d 815 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 311 U.S. 669 (1940) 22

Gariepy v. United States, 189 F.2d 459 (6th Cir. 1951) 8, 31

Gariepy v. United States, 220 F.2d 252 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 350 U.S. 825 (1955) 8

Garner v. United States, 424 U.S. 648 (1976) 12, 40

Garner v. United States, 501 F.2d 228 (9th Cir. 1974),

aff'd, 424 U.S. 648 (1976) 8

Garpeg Ltd. v. United States, 583 F. Supp. 789 (S.D. N.Y. 1984) 41

Garpeg, Ltd. v. United States, 583 F. Supp. 799 (S.D. N.Y. 1984) 41

Garpeg, Ltd. v. United States, 588 F. Supp. 1237 (1984) 41

Garpeg, Ltd. v. United States, 588 F. Supp. 1239 (S.D.N.Y. 1984) 41

Garpeg, Ltd. v. United States, 588 F. Supp. 1240 (S.D.N.Y. 1984) 41

Gaunt v. United States, 184 F.2d 284 (1st Cir. 1950),

cert. denied, 340 U.S. 917 (1951) 12

Gentsil v. United States, 326 F.2d 243 (1st Cir.),

cert. denied, 377 U.S. 916 (1964) 12, 15

Gevinson v. United States, 358 F.2d 761 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 385 U.S. 823 (1966) 24

Gilbert v. United States, 359 F.2d 285 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 385 U.S. 882 (1966) 24

Glasser v. United States , 315 U.S. 60 (1942) 23

Gleckman v. United States, 80 F.2d 394 (8th Cir. 1935),

cert. denied, 297 U.S. 709 (1936) 33

Gonzales v. United States, 286 F.2d 118 (10th Cir. 1960),

cert. denied, 365 U.S. 878 (1961) 24

Gookin v. United States, 707 F. Supp. 1156 (N.D. Cal. 1988) 40

Government of India v. Taylor, [1955] 2 W.L.R 303 41

Graves v. United States, 191 F.2d 579 (10th Cir. 1951) 33

Greenberg v. United States, 280 F.2d 472 (1st Cir. 1960) 31

Greenberg v. United States, 295 F.2d 903 (1st Cir. 1961) 33

Griffin v. United States, 112 S. Ct. 466 (1991) 12, 30

Grummons v. Zollinger, 240 F. Supp 63 (N.D. Ind. 1964),

aff'd, 341 F.2d 464 (7th Cir. 1965) 60

Grunewald v. United States, 353 U.S. 391 (1957) 7, 23

Hall v. C.I.R., 729 F.2d 632 (9th Cir. 1984) 40

Hammerschmidt v. United States, 265 U.S. 182 (1924) 23

Hayes v. United States, 407 F.2d 189 (5th Cir.),

cert. dismissed, 395 U.S. 972 (1969) 31

Heasley v. United States, 218 F.2d 86 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 350 U.S. 882 (1955) 30

Hellman v. United States, 339 F.2d 36 (5th Cir. 1964) 40

Her Majesty, Queen in Right, Etc. v. Gilbertson, 597 F.2d 1161 (9th Cir. 1979) 41

Hess v. United States, 785 F. Supp. 137 (E.D. Wash. 1991) 40

Hettig v. United States, 845 F.2d 794 (8th Cir. 1988) 40

Holbrook v. United States, 216 F.2d 238 (5th Cir. 1954),

cert. denied, 349 U.S. 915 (1955) 8

Holland v. United States, 348 U.S. 121 (1954) 8, 30-33

Holland v. United States, 209 F.2d 516 (10th Cir.),

aff'd, 348 U.S. 121 (1954) 31, 60

Hoover v. United States, 358 F.2d 87 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 385 U.S. 822 (1966) 12

Hughes v. United States, 899 F.2d 1495 (6th Cir. 1990) 24

Hull v. United States, 324 F.2d 817 (5th Cir. 1963) 13

Hyche v. United States, 286 F.2d 248 (5th Cir. 1961) 14

Hyde v. United States, 225 U.S. 347 (1912) 7, 23

Iannelli v. United States, 420 U.S. 770 (1975) 23

In re ABC Ltd., 1984 CILR 130 (Grand Court of the Cayman Islands, 1984) 41

In re Assarsson, 687 F.2d 1157 (8th Cir. 1982) 7

In re Becraft, 885 F.2d 547 (9th Cir. 1989) 40

In re Chesson, 897 F.2d 156 (5th Cir. 1990) 6

In re Custodian of Records of Variety Distributing, 927 F.2d 244

(6th Cir. 1991) 60

In re Grand Jury 81-2, 550 F. Supp. 24 (W.D. Mich. 1982) 41

In re Grand Jury Investigation, 723 F.2d 447 (6th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1246 (1984) 25

In re Grand Jury Investigation (Schroeder), 842 F.2d 1223 (11th Cir. 1987) 31

In re Grand Jury Matter, 926 F.2d 348 (4th Cir. 1991) 25

In re Grand Jury Proceedings, 814 F.2d 791 (1st Cir. 1987) 41

In re Grand Jury Proceedings (Bank of Nova Scotia), 691 F.2d 1384

(11th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 462 U.S. 1119 (1983) 41

In re Grand Jury Proceedings (Bank of Nova Scotia), 722 F.2d 657

(11th Cir. 1983), appeal following remand, 740 F.2d 817 (1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1106 (1985) 41

In re Grand Jury Proceedings, Western District of Louisiana

(Juan A. Cid), 767 F.2d 1131 (5th Cir. 1985) 41

In re N.D.N.Y. Grand Jury Subpoena #86-0351-S, 811 F.2d 114 (2d Cir. 1987) 41

In re Grand Jury Subpoena for Attorney Representing Reyes-Requena,

913 F.2d 1118 (5th Cir. 1990) 25

In re Grand Jury Subpoena for Attorney Representing Reyes-Requena,

926 F.2d 1423 (5th Cir. 1991) 25

In re Grand Jury Subpoena Served Upon Doe, 781 F.2d 238 (2d Cir. 1985),

cert. denied, 475 U.S. 1108 (1986) 25

In re Grand Jury Subpoenas, 906 F.2d 1485 (10th Cir. 1990) 25

In re John Wesley Hall, Jr., P.A., 90-2 U.S.T.C. (CCH) 25

In re Osterhoudt, 722 F.2d 591 (9th Cir. 1983) 25

In re Sealed Case, 825 F.2d 494 (D.C. Cir. 1987) 41

In re Shargel, 742 F.2d 61 (2d Cir. 1984) 25

In re the Criminal Proceedings before the U.S. District Court for the

District of Kansas Concerning Marcel Samuel Lambert and Arloho Mae

Pinto, No. 962 (Bahamas Sup. Ct. 1986) 41

Ingram v. United States, 241 F.2d 708 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 353 U.S. 984 (1957) 14

Ingram v. United States, 360 U.S. 672 (1959) 23, 25

Jaben v. United States, 349 F.2d 913 (8th Cir. 1965) 12

Jaben v. United States, 381 U.S. 214 (1965) 7

James v. United States, 366 U.S. 213 (1961) 8, 31

Jhirad v. Ferrandina, 486 F.2d 442 (2d Cir. 1973) 7

Johnson v. United States, 325 F.2d 709 (1st Cir. 1963) 31

Johnson v. United States, 410 F.2d 38 (8th Cir. ),

cert. denied, 396 U.S. 822 (1969) 22

Karikas v. United States, 296 F.2d 434 (D.C. Cir. 1961),

cert. denied, 372 U.S. 919 (1963) 60

Kercher v. United States, 409 F.2d 814 (8th Cir. 1969) 22

Kirsch v. United States, 174 F.2d 595 (8th Cir. 1949) 33

Knowles v. United States, 224 F.2d 168 (10th Cir. 1955) 24

Kungys v. United States, 485 U.S. 759 (1987) 24

LaPorte v. United States, 300 F.2d 878 (9th Cir. 1962) 60

Lawn v. United States, 355 U.S. 339 (1958) 8

Leeby v. United States, 192 F.2d 331 (8th Cir. 1951) 31

Lefkowitz v. Cunningham, 431 U.S. 801 (1977) 5

Lifetime Siding, Inc. v. United States, 359 F.2d 657 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 385 U.S. 921 (1966) 18

Lloyd v. United States, 226 F.2d 9 (5th Cir. 1955) 30

London-Gomez v. INS, 699 F.2d 475 (9th Cir. 1983) 21

Lovell v. United States, 755 F.2d 517 (7th Cir. 1984) 40

MacKlem v. United States, 757 F. Supp. 6 (D.Conn. 1991) 40

Malone v. United States, 94 F.2d 281 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 304 U.S. 562 (1938) 33

Maryland Casualty Co. v. United States, 251 U.S. 342 (1920) 25

Massei v. United States, 355 U.S. 595 (1958) 31

Matador Drilling Co., Inc. v. Post, 662 F.2d 1190 (5th Cir. 1981) 60

Matter of Marc Rich & Co. A.G. v. United States, 707 F.2d 663 (2nd Cir.),

cert. denied, 463 U.S. 1215 (1983) 41

Matthews v. United States, 407 F.2d 1371 (5th Cir. 1969),

cert. denied, 398 U.S. 968 (1970) 8

McClanahan v. United States, 292 F.2d 630 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 368 U.S. 913 (1961) 8, 31

McFee v. United States, 206 F.2d 872 (9th Cir. 1953),

vacated and remanded, 348 U.S. 905 (1955), aff'd, 221 F.2d 807 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 350 U.S. 825 (1955) 31, 32

McGarry v. United States, 388 F.2d 862 (1st Cir. 1967),

cert. denied, 394 U.S. 921 (1969) 31

McGowen v. United States, 105 F.2d 791 (D.C. Cir.),

cert. denied, 308 U.S. 552 (1939) 7

McGrew v. United States, 222 F.2d 458 (5th Cir. 1955) 31

McKaskle v. Wiggins, 465 U.S. 168 (1984) 40

McNally v. United States, 483 U.S. 350 (1987) 23

Merritt v. United States, 327 F.2d 820 (5th Cir. 1964) 31

Mistretta v. United States, 488 U.S. 361 (1989) 5

Montgomery v. United States, 203 F.2d 887 (5th Cir. 1953) 8, 12

Moore v. C.I.R., 722 F.2d 193 (5th Cir. 1984) 10

Moore v. United States, 254 F.2d 213 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 357 U.S. 926 (1958) 60

Moore v. United States, 412 F.2d 974 (5th Cir. 1969) 8

Morphew v. United States, 909 F.2d 1143 (8th Cir. 1990) 5

Morris v. Slappy, 461 U.S. 1 (1983) 25

Morrison v. California, 291 U.S. 82 (1934) 23

Morrison v. United States, 270 F.2d 1 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 361 U.S. 894 (1959) 8, 33

Nassif v. United States, 370 F.2d 147 (8th Cir. 1966) 18

Neely v. United States, 300 F.2d 67 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 369 U.S. 864 (1962) 24

Nekolny v. Painter, 653 F.2d 1164 (7th Cir. 1981),

cert. denied, 455 U.S. 1021 (1982) 60

North Carolina v. Alford, 400 U.S. 25 (1970) 2, 5

Nye & Nissen v. United States, 336 U.S. 613 (1949) 21

O'Connor v. United States, 203 F.2d 301 (4th Cir. 1953) 31

Ogden v. United States, 303 F.2d 724 (9th Cir. 1962), after remand,

323 F.2d 818 (9th Cir. 1963), cert. denied, 376 U.S. 973 (1964) 24

Osborn v. United States, 385 U.S. 323 (1966) 17

Pacific National Insurance v. United States, 422 F.2d 26 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 398 U.S. 937 (1970) 18

Paddack v. Christensen, 745 F.2d 1254 (9th Cir. 1984) 60

Palmer v. Hoffman, 318 U.S. 109 (1943) 60

Parsons, 967 F.2d 452 (10th Cir. 1992) 24

Paschen v. United States, 70 F.2d 491 (7th Cir. 1934) 8, 31, 33

Paternostro v. United States, 311 F.2d 298 (5th Cir. 1962) 24

Percifield v. United States, 241 F.2d 225 (9th Cir. 1957) 33

Peterson v. United States, 344 F.2d 419 (5th Cir. 1965) 24

Petite v. United States, 361 U.S. 529 (1960) 4

Phillips v. United States, 356 F.2d 297 (9th Cir. 1965),

cert. denied sub nom. Walker v. United States, 384 U.S. 952 (1966) 60

Phillips v. United States, 843 F.2d 438 (11th Cir. 1988) 7

Pigman v. United States, 407 F.2d 237 (8th Cir. 1969) 18

Pinkerton v. United States, 328 U.S. 640 (1946) 23

Pitts v. United States, 263 F.2d 353 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 360 U.S.935 (1959) 24

Platt v. Minnesota Mining & Mfg. Co., 376 U.S. 240 (1964) 6

Price v. United States, 150 F.2d 283 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 326 U.S. 789 (1945) 14

R. v. Chief Metropolitan Stipendiary Magistrate, [1988] 1 W.L.R at 1207 41

Ramming Real Estate Co. v. United States, 122 F.2d 892 (8th Cir. 1941) 31

Ratzlaf v. United States, 114 S. Ct. 655 (1994) 25

Ray v. United States, 588 F.2d 601 (8th Cir. 1978) 21

Re Request for International Judicial Assistance, 102 D.L.R.3d 18 (Can. 1979) 41

Reynolds v. United States, 225 F.2d 123 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 350 U.S. 914 (1955) 8

Richmark Corp. v. Timber Falling Consultants, 959 F.2d 1468 (9th Cir. 1992) 41

Rinaldi v. United States, 434 U.S. 22 (1977) 4

Rodgers v. United States, 340 U.S. 367 (1951) 23

Rosenberg v. Collins, 624 F.2d 659 (5th Cir. 1980) 60

Rutkin v. United States, 343 U.S. 130 (1952) 8

S.E.C. v. Banca Della Svizzera Italiana, 92 F.R.D. 111 (S.D.N.Y. 1981) 41

Salberg v. United States, 969 F.2d 379 (7th Cir. 1992) 10, 40

Sansone v. United States, 380 U.S. 343 (1965) 3, 8, 10, 16

Scanlon v. United States, 223 F.2d 382 (1st Cir. 1955) 31, 33

Schad v. Arizona, 111 S. Ct. 2491 (1991) 12

Schepps v. United States, 395 F.2d 749 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 393 U.S. 925 (1968) 12

Schmuck v. United States, 489 U.S. 705 (1989) 3, 8, 12, 16, 40

Schuermann v. United States, 174 F.2d 397 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 338 U.S. 831 (1949) 8

Schuster v. C.I.R., 800 F.2d 672 (7th Cir. 1986) 40

Scolnick v. United States, 331 F.2d 598 (1st Cir. 1964) 22

Sears v. United States, 343 F.2d 139 (5th Cir. 1965) 23

Seattle-First National Bank v. Randall, 532 F.2d 1291 (9th Cir. 1976) 60

Sherwin v. United States, 320 F.2d 137 (9th Cir. 1963),

cert. denied, 375 U.S. 964 (1964) 8

Silverstein v. United States, 377 F.2d 269 (1st Cir. 1967) 12

Singer v. United States, 380 U.S. 24 (1965) 60

Siravo v. United States, 377 F.2d 469 (1st Cir. 1967) 10, 12, 30, 31

Skinnett v. United States, 173 F.2d 129 (4th Cir. 1949) 33

Slodov v. United States, 436 U.S. 238 (1978) 9

Smith v. United States, 236 F.2d 260 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 352 U.S. 909 (1956) 31

Smith v. United States, 348 U.S. 147 (1954) 31

Societe Nationale Industrielle Aerospatiale v.

United States District Court, 482 U.S. 522 (1987) 41

Spies v. United States, 317 U.S. 492 (1943) 2, 7, 8, 10, 23, 25, 40

Spinney v. United States, 385 F.2d 908 (1st Cir. 1967),

cert. denied, 390 U.S. 921 (1968) 30

Standefer v. United States, 447 U.S. 10 (1980) 21

State of Norway's Application, [1987] 1 Q.B. 433, 445-46 (C.A.) 41

Stephenson v. C.I.R., 748 F.2d 331 (6th Cir. 1984) 40

Stone v. Morris, 546 F.2d 730 (7th Cir. 1976) 60

Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (1984) 40

Swallow v. United States, 307 F.2d 81 (10th Cir. 1962),

cert. denied, 371 U.S. 950 (1963) 8, 10, 30

Taglianetti v. United States, 398 F.2d 558 (1st Cir. 1968),

aff'd, 394 U.S. 316 (1969) 32

Talik v. United States, 340 F.2d 138 (9th Cir. 1965) 31

Thompson v. United States, 444 U.S. 248 (1980) 4

Tornay v. United States, 840 F.2d 1424 (9th Cir. 1988) 25

Tournier v. National Provincial & Union Bank of England,

[1924] 1 K.B. 461 (C.A.) 41

Toussie v. United States, 397 U.S. 112 (1970) 7

Transamerica Corp. v. United States, 902 F.2d 1540 (Fed. Cir. 1990) 40

Travis v. United States, 269 F.2d 928 (10th Cir. 1959),

rev'd, 364 U.S. 631 1961) 24

Travis v. United States, 364 U.S. 631 (1961) 24

Tyree v. United States, 892 F.2d 958 (10th Cir. 1989) 40

Unitary Mission of Church v. Commissioner, 74 T.C. 507 (1980),

aff'd without published opinion, 647 F.2d 163 (2d Cir. 1981) 40

United States v. 18.46 Acres Of Land, Etc., 312 F.2d 287 (2d Cir. 1963) 31

United States v. Abadi, 706 F.2d 178 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 464 U.S. 821 (1983) 24

United States v. Abbas, 504 F.2d 123 (9th Cir. 1974),

cert. denied, 421 U.S. 988 (1975) 13

United States v. Abodeely, 801 F.2d 1020 (8th Cir. 1986) 30-33

United States v. Abrahams, 604 F.2d 386 (5th Cir. 1979) 24

United States v. Abrams, 427 F.2d 86 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 400 U.S. 832 (1970) 24

United States v. Abreu, 962 F.2d 1425 (1st Cir. 1992) 21

United States v. Achilli, 234 F.2d 797 (7th Cir. 1956),

aff'd, 353 U.S. 373 (1957) 31

United States v. Adler, 380 F.2d 917 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 389 U.S. 1006 (1967) 24

United States v. Adler, 623 F.2d 1287 (8th Cir. 1980) 24

United States v. Adonis, 221 F.2d 717 (3d Cir. 1955) 8

United States v. Aguilar, 883 F.2d 662 (9th Cir. 1989),

cert. denied, 498 U.S. 1046 (1990) 40

United States v. Ahrens, 530 F.2d 781 (8th Cir. 1976) 60

United States v. Ahumada-Avalos, 875 F.2d 681 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 493 U.S. 837 (1989) 23

United States v. Aitken, 755 F.2d 188 (lst Cir. 1985) 11

United States v. Albanese, 224 F.2d 879 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 350 U.S. 845 (1955) 8

United States v. Alker, 260 F.2d 135 (3d Cir. 1958),

cert. denied, 359 U.S. 906 (1959) 8

United States v. Allen, 522 F.2d 1229 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 1072 (1976) 31, 33

United States v. Allen, 551 F.2d 208 (8th Cir. 1977) 30

United States v. Allen, 613 F.2d 1248 (3d Cir. 1980) 23

United States v. Allen, 895 F.2d 1577 (10th Cir. 1990) 40

United States v. Altruda, 224 F.2d 935 (2d Cir. 1955) 31, 33

United States v. American Investors of Pittsburgh, Inc., 879 F.2d 1087

(3d Cir. 1989), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 955 (1990) 23

United States v. Amon, 669 F.2d 1351 (10th Cir. 1981),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 825 (1982) 40

United States v. Ams Sintering Co., 927 F.2d 232 (6th Cir. 1990) 23

United States v. Anderson, 328 U.S. 699 (1946) 9, 11, 14, 16, 18

United States v. Anderson, 577 F.2d 258 (5th Cir. 1978) 11, 40

United States v. Anderson, 611 F.2d 504 (4th Cir. 1979) 23

United States v. Anderson, 642 F.2d 281 (9th Cir. 1981) 31

United States v. Anderson, 809 F.2d 1281 (7th Cir. 1987) 8

United States v. Andrews, 953 F.2d 1312 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 3007 (1992) 23

United States v. Andros, 484 F.2d 531 (9th Cir. 1973) 9, 10

United States v. Andrus, 775 F.2d 825 (7th Cir. 1985) 23

United States v. Annunziato, 643 F.2d 676 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 452 U.S. 966 (1981) 40

United States v. Apker, 705 F.2d 293 (8th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 465 U.S. 1005 (1984) 23

United States v. Aracri, 968 F.2d 1512 (2d Cir. 1992) 7, 13, 23

United States v. Arbelaez, 719 F.2d 1453 (9th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1255 (1984) 23

United States v. Arboleda, 929 F.2d 858 (1st Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Arch Trading Co., 987 F.2d 1087 (4th Cir. 1993) 14, 23

United States v. Arlt, 567 F.2d 1295 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 436 U.S. 911 (1978) 11

United States v. Armocida, 515 F.2d 49 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 858 (1975) 23

United States v. Arthur Young & Co., 465 U.S. 805 (1984) 31

United States v. Ashfield, 735 F.2d 101 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 858 (1984) 8

United States v. Astorri, 923 F.2d 1052 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 444 (1991) 5

United States v. Attanasio, 870 F.2d 809 (2d Cir. 1989) 23

United States v. Auen, 864 F.2d 4 (2d Cir. 1988) 40

United States v. August, 984 F.2d 705 (6th Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Ausmus, 774 F.2d 722 (6th Cir. 1985) 9

United States v. Axmear, 964 F.2d 792 (8th Cir. 1992),

cert denied, 113 S. Ct. 963 (1993) 40

United States v. Ayers, 673 F.2d 728 (4th Cir. 1982) 8, 33

United States v. Bade, 668 F.2d 1004 (8th Cir. 1982) 22

United States v. Badwan, 624 F.2d 1228 (4th Cir. 1980),

cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1124 (1981) 12

United States v. Baggot, 463 U.S. 476 (1983) 2

United States v. Bahr, 580 F. Supp. 167 (N.D. Iowa 1983) 10, 30

United States v. Bailey, 789 F. Supp. 788 (N.D. Tex. 1992) 9

United States v. Baker, 626 F.2d 512 (5th Cir. 1980) 24

United States v. Bakhtiar, 994 F.2d 970 (2d Cir. 1993) 60

United States v. Bakhtiari, 913 F.2d 1053 (2d Cir. 1990),

cert. denied, 111 S. Ct. 1319 (1991) 24

United States v. Balistrieri, 403 F.2d 472 (7th Cir. 1968),

vacated, 395 U.S. 710 (1969) 31

United States v. Ballard, 535 F.2d 400 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 429 U.S. 918 (1976) 10, 12

United States v. Ballard, 663 F.2d 534 (6th Cir. 1981) 23

United States v. Bank of New England, N.A., 821 F.2d 844 (1st Cir.),

cert. denied, 484 U.S. 943 (1987) 12

United States v. Barnes, 604 F.2d 121 (2d Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 446 U.S. 907 (1980) 12, 23

United States v. Barnett, 667 F.2d 835 (9th Cir. 1982) 40

United States v. Barnett, 945 F.2d 1296 (5th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 1487 (1992) 40

United States v. Barone, 913 F.2d 46 (2d Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Barr, 963 F.2d 641 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 811 (1992) 24

United States v. Barrilleaux, 746 F.2d 254 (5th Cir. 1984) 12

United States v. Barsanti, 943 F.2d 428 (4th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 1474 (1992) 7, 23

United States v. Barshov, 733 F.2d 842 (11th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1158 (1985) 13, 23

United States v. Barski, 968 F.2d 936 (9th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Bass, 784 F.2d 1282 (5th Cir. 1986) 11

United States v. Bastone, 526 F.2d 971 (7th Cir. 1975),

cert. denied, 425 U.S. 973 (1976) 23

United States v. Batchelder, 442 U.S. 114 (1979) 16

United States v. Baum, 435 F.2d 1197 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 402 U.S. 907 (1971) 8

United States v. Beacon Brass Co., 344 U.S. 43 (1952) 7, 8, 24

United States v. Beale, 921 F.2d 1412 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 99 (1991) 23

United States v. Beall, 970 F.2d 343 (7th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1291 (1993) 8, 40

United States v. Beard, 913 F.2d 193 (5th Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Beardslee, 609 F.2d 914 (8th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1090 (1980) 21

United States v. Beathune, 527 F.2d 696 (10th Cir. 1975),

cert. denied, 425 U.S. 996 (1976) 60

United States v. Beaumont, 972 F.2d 91 (5th Cir. 1992) 25

United States v. Becker, 855 F.2d 644 (9th Cir. 1988) 24

United States v. Becker, 965 F.2d 383 (7th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1411 (1993) 5, 8, 40

United States v. Beer, 518 F.2d 168 (5th Cir. 1975) 24

United States v. Bell, 734 F.2d 1315 (8th Cir. 1984) 10, 30

United States v. Bell, 936 F.2d 337 (7th Cir. 1991) 25

United States v. Benderh, 218 F.2d 869 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 349 U.S. 920 (1955) 30

United States v. Benjamin, 623 F. Supp. 1204 (D.D.C. 1985) 6

United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 429 F.2d 925 (1976) 40

United States v. Benson, 592 F.2d 257 (5th Cir. 1979) 40

United States v. Benson, 941 F.2d 598 (7th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. Bentson, 947 F.2d 1353 (9th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 2310 (1992) 40

United States v. Berger, 325 F. Supp. 1297 (S.D.N.Y. 1971),

aff'd, 456 F.2d 1349 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 409 U.S. 892 (1972) 30

United States v. Berrigan, 482 F.2d 171 (3d Cir. 1973) 40

United States v. Berrios, 501 F.2d 1207 (2d Cir. 1974) 40

United States v. Berzinski, 529 F.2d 590 (8th Cir. 1976) 33

United States v. Bethea, 537 F.2d 1187 (4th Cir. 1976) 31

United States v. Bettenhausen, 499 F.2d 1223 (10th Cir. 1974) 12

United States v. Beverly, 913 F.2d 337 (7th Cir. 1990),

cert. denied, 498 U.S. 1052 (1991) 23

United States v. Bianco, 534 F.2d 501 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 429 U.S. 822 (1976) 10, 32

United States v. Bilzerian, 926 F.2d 1285 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 63 (1991) 23, 24

United States v. Birges, 723 F.2d 666 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 104 S. Ct. 1926 (1984) 60

United States v. Birkenstock, 823 F.2d 1026 (7th Cir. 1987) 10, 40

United States v. Birkenstock, 838 F.2d 1026 (7th Cir. 1987) 40

United States v. Birozy, 74-2 T.C. 9564 (E.D.N.Y. 1974) 33

United States v. Bishop, 412 U.S. 346 (1973) 8-10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 25, 40

United States v. Bithoney, 631 F. 3-2d l (lst Cir. 1980),

cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1083 (1981) 3

United States v. Black, 843 F.2d 1456 (D.C. Cir. 1988) 30

United States v. Black Cloud, 590 F.2d 270 (8th Cir. 1979) 6

United States v. Blackman, 904 F.2d 1250 (8th Cir. 1990) 25

United States v. Blandina, 895 F.2d 293 (7th Cir. 1989) 31

United States v. Blecker, 657 F.2d 629 (4th Cir. 1981),

cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1150 (1982) 22

United States v. Bliss, 735 F.2d 294 (8th Cir. 1984) 30

United States v. Block, 497 F. Supp. 629 (N.D. Ga.),

aff'd, 660 F.2d 1086 (5th Cir. 1980) 7, 9

United States v. Bogard, 846 F.2d 563 (9th Cir. 1988) 40

United States v. Bohrer, 807 F.2d 159 (10th Cir. 1986) 10, 40

United States v. Bonneau, 970 F.2d 929 (1st Cir. 1992) 8, 40

United States v. Boone, 951 F.2d 1526 (9th Cir. 1991) 3, 8, 12, 23

United States v. Borelli, 336 F.2d 376 (2d Cir. 1964),

cert. denied, 379 U.S. 960 (1965) 7, 23

United States v. Borman, 992 F.2d 124 (7th Cir. 1993) 12

United States v. Bosch, 914 F.2d 1239 (9th Cir. 1990) 23

United States v. Bostic, 480 F.2d 965 (6th Cir. 1973) 23

United States v. Boulet, 577 F.2d 1165 (5th Cir. 1978),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 1114 (1979) 8, 33

United States v. Bourgeois, 950 F.2d 980 (5th Cir. 1992) 23

United States v. Bourque, 541 F.2d 290 (1st Cir. 1976) 10

United States v. Bowe, 694 F.2d 1256 (11th Cir. 1982) 41

United States v. Bowers, 593 F.2d 376 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 852 (1979) 60

United States v. Bowers, 920 F.2d 220 (4th Cir. 1990) 40, 60

United States v. Boyd, 610 F.2d 521 (8th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1089 (1980) 7, 23

United States v. Brack, 747 F.2d 1142 (7th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1216 (1985) 24

United States v. Bramblett, 348 U.S. 503 (1955) 24

United States v. Brann, 990 F.2d 98 (3d Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Braustein, 474 F. Supp. 1 (N.J. 1979) 60

United States v. Bray, 546 F.2d 851 (10th Cir. 1976) 30, 33

United States v. Breger, 616 F.2d 634 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 446 U.S. 919 (1980) 31, 32

United States v. Bregman, 306 F.2d 653 (3d Cir. 1962),

cert. denied, 372 U.S. 906 (1963) 14

United States v. Breque, 964 F.2d 381 (5th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1253 (1993) 23

United States v. Bressler, 772 F.2d 287 (7th Cir. 1985) 40

United States v. Brewer, 486 F.2d 507 (10th Cir. 1973),

cert. denied, 415 U.S. 913 (1974) 30

United States v. Brimberry, 961 F.2d 1286 (7th Cir. 1992) 5, 8, 12

United States v. Brink, 648 F.2d 1140 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1031 (1981) 8

United States v. Brodie, 858 F.2d 492 (9th Cir. 1988) 40

United States v. Brooksby, 668 F.2d 1102 (9th Cir. 1982) 12

United States v. Brown, 548 F.2d 1194 (5th Cir. 1977) 10

United States v. Brown, 584 F.2d 252 (8th Cir. 1978),

cert. denied, 440 U.S. 910 (1979) 23

United States v. Brown, 600 F.2d 248 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 917 (1979) 10, 40

United States v. Brown, 667 F.2d 566 (6th Cir. 1982) 31

United States v. Brown, 739 F.2d 1136 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 933 (1984) 23

United States v. Brown, 934 F.2d 886 (7th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Brown, 944 F.2d 1377 (7th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Browning, 723 F.2d 1544 (11th Cir. 1984) 23, 31

United States v. Brunetti, 615 F.2d 899 (10th Cir. 1980) 7, 23

United States v. Bryan, 896 F.2d 68 (5th Cir. 1990) 6, 13

United States v. Bucey, 876 F.2d 1297 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 493 U.S. 1004 (1989) 23

United States v. Buckley, 586 F.2d 498 (5th Cir. 1978),

cert. denied, 440 U.S. 982 (1979) 10, 40

United States v. Buckner, 610 F.2d 570 (9th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 445 U.S. 961 (1980) 8

United States v. Buckner, 830 F.2d 102 (7th Cir. 1987) 40

United States v. Buford, 889 F.2d 1406 (5th Cir. 1989) 8, 40

United States v. Bullock, 451 F.2d 884 (11th Cir. 1971) 21

United States v. Buras, 633 F.2d 1356 (9th Cir. 1980) 10

United States v. Burdick, 214 F.2d 768 (3d Cir. 1954),

vacated, 348 U.S. 905 (1955), aff'd on remand, 221 F.2d 932

(3d Cir.), cert. denied, 350 U.S. 831 (1955) 31

United States v. Burdick, 221 F.2d 932 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 350 U.S. 831 (1955) 8

United States v. Burkhart, 501 F.2d 993 (6th Cir. 1974),

cert. denied, 420 U.S. 946 (1975) 30, 31

United States v. Burton, 737 F.2d 439 (5th Cir. 1984) 8, 40

United States v. Bush, 503 F.2d 813 (5th Cir. 1974) 24

United States v. Bush, 512 F.2d 771 (5th Cir. 1975) 31

United States v. Busher, 817 F.2d 1409 (9th Cir. 1987) 2

United States v. Bussey, 942 F.2d 1241 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 1936 (1991) 8, 10, 12

United States v. Buttorff, 572 F.2d 619 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 437 U.S. 906 (1978) 11, 13, 21, 40

United States v. Calderon, 348 U.S. 160 (1954) 31

United States v. Caldwell, 989 F.2d 1056 (9th Cir. 1993) 23

United States v. Calhoun, 566 F.2d 969 (5th Cir. 1978) 10

United States v. Callahan, 588 F.2d 1078 (5th Cir. 1979) 8, 10, 12

United States v. Callahan, 981 F.2d 491 (11th Cir.),

cert denied, 113 S. Ct. 2972 (1993) 40

United States v. Callanan, 450 F.2d 145 (4th Cir. 1971) 8

United States v. Calles, 482 F.2d 1155 (5th Cir. 1973) 8

United States v. Cambara, 902 F.2d 144 (1st Cir. 1990) 23

United States v. Cambindo-Valencia, 609 F.2d 603 (2d Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 446 U.S. 940 (1980) 23

United States v. Caming, 968 F.2d 232 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied 113 S. Ct. 416 (1992) 25

United States v. Cammisano, 917 F.2d 1057 (8th Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Campa, 679 F.2d 1006 (1st Cir. 1982) 21

United States v. Campbell, 777 F. Supp. 1259 (W.D.N.C. 1991) 25

United States v. Capo, 791 F.2d 1054 (2d Cir. 1986) 24

United States v. Carabbia, 381 F.2d 133 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 389 U.S. 1007 (1967) 12, 24

United States v. Carlson, 617 F.2d 518 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1010 (1980) 40

United States v. Carpenter, 776 F.2d 1291 (5th Cir. 1985) 40

United States v. Carpenter, 961 F.2d 824 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 332 (1992) 23

United States v. Carranco, 551 F.2d 1197 (10th Cir. 1977) 60

United States v. Carriger, 592 F.2d 312 (6th Cir. 1979) 31

United States v. Carrodeguas, 747 F.2d 1390 (11th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 816 (1985) 12, 23

United States v. Carroll, 510 F.2d 507 (2d Cir. 1975),

cert. denied, 426 F.2d 923 (1976) 23

United States v. Carter, 462 F.2d 1252 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 409 U.S. 984 (1972) 31

United States v. Carter, 721 F.2d 1514 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 819 (1984) 12, 31, 32

United States v. Cartright, 632 F.2d 1290 (5th Cir. 1980) 24

United States v. Caserta, 199 F.2d 905 (3d Cir. 1952) 32, 33

United States v. Cashio, 420 F.2d 1132 (5th Cir. 1969),

cert. denied, 397 U.S. 1007 (1970) 12, 60

United States v. Castro, 887 F.2d 988 (9th Cir. 1989) 21

United States v. Caswell, 825 F.2d 1228 (8th Cir. 1987) 31, 32

United States v. Catalano, 491 F.2d 268 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 419 U.S. 825 (1974) 8

United States v. Catena, 500 F.2d 1319 (3d Cir. 1974) 22

United States v. Catlett, 584 F.2d 864 (8th Cir. 1978) 40

United States v. Causey, 835 F.2d 1289 (9th Cir. 1987) 21, 40

United States v. Cepeoa Penes, 577 F.2d 754 (lst Cir. 1978) 60

United States v. Cerone, 830 F.2d 938 (8th Cir. 1987),

cert. denied, 486 F.2d 1006 (1988) 23

United States v. Champion, 387 F.2d 561 (4th Cir. 1967) 14

United States v. Chapman, 168 F.2d 997 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 335 U.S. 853 (1948) 31

United States v. Chappell, 698 F.2d 308 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 461 U.S. 931 (1983) 60

United States v. Charroux, 3 F.3d 827 (5th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Chase, 372 F.2d 453 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 387 U.S. 907 (1967) 23

United States v. Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A., 584 F. Supp. 1080 (S.D. N.Y. 1984) 41

United States v. Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A., 590 F.Supp. 1160 (1984) 41

United States v. Chasmer, 952 F.2d 50 (3d Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 1703 (1992) 5

United States v. Chavez, 627 F.2d 953 (9th Cir. 1980) 2, 5

United States v. Cheek, 3 F.3d 1057 (7th Cir. 1993),

cert. denied, 114 S. Ct. 1055 (1994) 40

United States v. Chesson, 933 F.2d 298 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 583 (1991) 8, 23

United States v. Chimal, 976 F.2d 608 (10th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1331 (1993) 5

United States v. Christian, 786 F.2d 203 (6th Cir. 1986) 23

United States v. Cimini, 427 F.2d 129 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 400 U.S. 911 (1970) 23

United States v. Cintolo, 818 F.2d 980 (1st Cir.),

cert. denied, 484 U.S. 913 (1987) 23

United States v. Cirillo, 251 F.2d 638 (3d Cir. 1957),

cert. denied, 356 U.S. 949 (1958) 10

United States v. Citron, 783 F.2d 307 (2d Cir. 1986) 8, 12, 32

United States v. Citrowske, 951 F.2d 899 (8th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. Claiborne, 765 F.2d 784 (9th Cir. 1985),

cert. denied, 475 U.S. 1120 (1986) 12

United States v. Clardy, 612 F.2d 1139 (9th Cir. 1980) 13

United States v. Clemons, 999 F.2d 154 (6th Cir. 1993),

cert. denied, 114 S. Ct. 707 (1994) 5

United States v. Clines, 958 F.2d 578 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 2994 (1992) 6

United States v. Coachman, 727 F.2d 1293 (D.C. Cir. 1984) 22

United States v. Cochrane, 985 F.2d 1027 (9th Cir. 1993) 13, 40

United States v. Cody, 722 F.2d 1052 (2d Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1226 (1984) 8

United States v. Cogdell, 844 F.2d 179 (4th Cir. 1988) 24

United States v. Cohen, 544 F.2d 781 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 431 U.S. 914 (1977) 12, 15

United States v. Collins, 920 F.2d 619 (10th Cir. 1990),

cert. denied, 111 S. Ct. 2022 (1991) 40

United States v. Collins, 972 F.2d 1385 (5th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1812 (1993) 5

United States v. Collorafi, 876 F.2d 303 (2d Cir. 1989) 8, 40

United States v. Colson, 662 F.2d 1389 (11th Cir. 1981) 23

United States v. Computer Science Corp., 511 F. Supp. 1125 (E.D. Va. 1981),

rev'd, 689 F.2d 1181 (4th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1105 (1983) 22

United States v. Computer Science Corp., 689 F.2d 1181 (4th Cir. 1982),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1105 (1983) 22

United States v. Condo, 741 F.2d 238 (9th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1164 (1985) 40

United States v. Conforte, 624 F.2d 869 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1012 (1980) 8

United States v. Conley, 826 F.2d 551 (7th Cir. 1987) 8

United States v. Connor, 898 F.2d 942 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 110 S. Ct. 3284 (1990) 8, 11, 40

United States v. Cook, 745 F.2d 1311 (10th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1220 (1985) 21

United States v. Cooper, 567 F.2d 252 (3d Cir. 1977) 23

United States v. Cooper, 868 F.2d 1505 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1094 (1989) 60

United States v. Copeland, 786 F.2d 768 (7th Cir. 1985) 8, 40

United States v. Costanzo, 581 F.2d 28 (2d Cir. 1978),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 1067 (1979) 31

United States v. Costello, 221 F.2d 668 (2d Cir. 1955),

aff'd, 350 U.S. 359 (1956) 8, 31

United States v. Cota, 953 F.2d 753 (2d Cir. 1992) 18

United States v. Coveney, 995 F.2d 578 (5th Cir. 1993) 13

United States v. Cowart, 595 F.2d 1023 (11th Cir. 1979) 21

United States v. Coyne, 4 F.3d 100, 114 (2d Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Cramer, 447 F.2d 210 (2d Cir. 1971),

cert. denied, 404 U.S. 1024 (1972) 30

United States v. Critzer, 498 F.2d 1160 (4th Cir. 1974) 8

United States v. Croft, 750 F.2d 1354 (7th Cir. 1984) 60

United States v. Crooks, 804 F.2d 1441 (9th Cir. 1986) 8, 23

United States v. Crowhurst, 629 F.2d 1297 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1021 (1980) 10, 40

United States v. Crozier, 987 F.2d 893 (2d Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Cruce, 21 F.3d 70 (5th Cir. 1994) 5

United States v. Crum, 529 F.2d 1380 (9th Cir. 1976) 8, 12, 13

United States v. Cruz, 492 F.2d 217 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 417 U.S. 935 (1974) 60

United States v. Cruz, 698 F.2d 1148 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 464 U.S. 960 (1983) 8

United States v. Cummings, 937 F.2d 941 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 395 (1991) 23

United States v. Cunningham, 723 F.2d 217 (2d Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 466 U.S. 951 (1984) 8, 23

United States v. Cure, 804 F.2d 625 (11th Cir. 1986) 23, 24

United States v. Curtis, 782 F.2d 593 (6th Cir. 1986) 8

United States v. Cutler, 948 F.2d 691 (10th Cir. 1991) 13

United States v. D'Amato, 507 F.2d 26 (2d Cir. 1974) 24

United States v. Dack, 747 F.2d 1172 (7th Cir. 1984) 8, 10, 40

United States v. Dack, 987 F.2d 1282 (7th Cir. 1993) 40

United States v. Dahlstrom, 713 F.2d 1423 (9th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 466 U.S. 980 (1984) 8, 10, 12, 13

United States v. Dale, 991 F.2d 819 (D.C. Cir.),

cert. denied, 114 S. Ct. 286 (1993) 5, 23

United States v. Dall, 918 F.2d 52 (8th Cir. 1990),

cert. denied, 498 U.S. 1094 (1991) 31

United States v. Daly, 481 F.2d 28 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 414 U.S. 1064 (1973) 40

United States v. Daly, 756 F.2d 1076 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 1022 (1985) 8, 40

United States v. Damon, 676 F.2d 1060 (5th Cir. 1982) 12, 13, 30, 40

United States v. Dandy, 998 F.2d 1344 (6th Cir. 1993) 8

United States v. Daniel, 956 F.2d 540 (6th Cir. 1992) 5, 8, 10, 40

United States v. Daniel, 962 F.2d 100 (1st Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Daniels, 617 F.2d 146 (5th Cir. 1980) 8

United States v. Dark, 597 F.2d 1097 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 927 (1979) 10

United States v. Davenport, 808 F.2d 1212 (6th Cir. 1987) 23

United States v. Davenport, 824 F.2d 1511 (7th Cir. 1987) 8, 40

United States v. Davern, 970 F.2d 1490 (6th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1289 (1993) 5

United States v. David, 940 F.2d 722 (10th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Davis, 369 F.2d 775 (4th Cir. 1966),

cert. denied, 386 U.S. 909 (1967) 14

United States v. Davis, 767 F.2d 1025 (2d Cir. 1985) 41

United States v. Davis, 958 F.2d 47 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 223 (1992) 40

United States v. Dawes, 874 F.2d 746 (10th Cir. 1989) 40

United States v. Dawes, 951 F.2d 1189 (10th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. Dawson, 400 F.2d 194 (2d Cir. 1968),

cert. denied, 393 U.S. 1023 (1969) 30

United States v. De La Rosa, 922 F.2d 675 (11th Cir. 1991) 5

United States v. De Lucia, 262 F.2d 610 (7th Cir. 1958),

cert. denied, 359 U.S. 1000 (1959) 31

United States v. De Rosa, 783 F.2d 1401 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 477 U.S. 908 (1986) 24

United States v. DeClue, 899 F.2d 1465 (6th Cir. 1990) 40

United States v. Deffenbach Industries, Inc., 957 F.2d 749 (10th Cir. 1992) 24

United States v. deFrancisco-Lopez, 939 F.2d 1405 (10th Cir. 1991) 8, 10, 12

United States v. DeGeorgia, 420 F.2d 889 (9th Cir. 1969) 31

United States v. DeGeorgia, 420 F.2d 889 (9th Cir. 1969) 60

United States v. Delgado, 914 F.2d 1062 (8th Cir. 1990) 6

United States v. Delia, 944 F.2d 1010 (2d Cir. 1991) 21

United States v. DeLoach, 654 F.2d 763 (D.C. Cir. 1980),

cert. denied, 450 U.S. 933 (1981) 24

United States v. DeLuna, 763 F.2d 897 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 980 (1985) 23

United States v. Dennis, 902 F.2d 591 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 498 U.S. 876 (1990) 40

United States v. DePew, 932 F.2d 324 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 210 (1991) 23

United States v. Derezinski, 945 F.2d 1006 (8th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. DeTar, 832 F.2d 1110 (9th Cir. 1987) 8, 40

United States v. Diamond, 788 F.2d 1025 (4th Cir. 1986) 8

United States v. Diaz, 690 F.2d 1352 (11th Cir. 1982) 24

United States v. Dichne, 612 F.2d 632 (2d Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 445 U.S. 928 (1980) 25

United States v. Dickstein, 971 F.2d 446 (10th Cir. 1992) 40

United States v. Diecidue, 603 F.2d 535 (5th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 445 F.2d 946 (1980) 23

United States v. Diez, 515 F.2d 892 (5th Cir. 1975),

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 1052 (1976) 31, 60

United States v. Dillon, 566 F.2d 702 (10th Cir. 1977),

cert. denied, 435 U.S. 971 (1978) 8, 10

United States v. Dinitz, 424 U.S. 600 (1976) 60

United States v. Dinnell, 428 F. Supp. 205 (D. Az. 1977),

aff'd without published opinion, 568 F.2d 779 (9th Cir. 1978) 31

United States v. DiPetto, 936 F.2d 96 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 193 (1991) 7-8, 40

United States v. DiVarco, 343 F. Supp. 101 (N.D. Ill. 1972),

aff'd, 484 F.2d 670 (7th Cir. 1973),

cert. denied, 415 U.S. 916 (1974) 12-13, 30

United States v. Dixon, 698 F.2d 445 (11th Cir. 1983) 8

United States v. Doe, 52 U.S.L.W. 4296 (Feb. 28, 1984) 3

United States v. Dorey, 711 F.2d 125 (9th Cir. 1983) 24

United States v. Dougherty, 473 F.2d 1113 (D.C. Cir. 1972) 40

United States v. Doyle, 234 F.2d 788 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 352 U.S. 893 (1956) 8, 31

United States v. Doyle, 956 F.2d 73 (5th Cir. 1992) 3, 8, 12

United States v. Drape, 668 F.2d 22 (1st Cir. 1982) 8, 10, 12, 22

United States v. Drefke, 707 F.2d 978 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 464 U.S. 359 (1983) 10, 40

United States v. Dreske, 536 F.2d 188 (7th Cir. 1976) 18

United States v. Droge, 961 F.2d 1030 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 609 (1992) 40

United States v. Droms, 566 F.2d 361 (2d Cir. 1977) 12

United States v. Dube, 820 F.2d 886 (7th Cir. 1987) 8, 10, 12,40

United States v. Duncan, 850 F.2d 1104 (6th Cir. 1988),

cert. denied, 493 U.S. 1025 (1990) 12

United States v. Dunkel, 900 F.2d 105 (7th Cir. 1990),

judgment vacated, 111 S. Ct. 747 (1991),

ruling on duplicity issue reinstated on remand,

927 F.2d 955 (7th Cir. 1991) 8, 10, 40

United States v. Dunkel, 927 F.2d 955 (7th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. Dunn, 961 F.2d 648 (7th Cir. 1992) 13

United States v. Dunnigan, 113 S. Ct. 1111 (1993) 5

United States v. Dwoskin, 644 F.2d 418 (5th Cir. 1981) 31

United States v. Dyer, 922 F.2d 105 (2d Cir. 1990) 12

United States v. Dykema, 666 F.2d 1096 (7th Cir. 1981),

cert. denied, 456 U.S. 983 (1982) 40

United States v. Dykstra, 991 F.2d 450 (8th Cir.),

cert denied, No. 93-5178 (U.S. Oct. 4, 1993) 5, 17, 40

United States v. Eargle, 921 F.2d 56 (5th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. East, 416 F.2d 351 (9th Cir. 1969) 24

United States v. Ebner, 782 F.2d 1120 (2d Cir. 1986) 40

United States v. Echols, 677 F.2d 498 (5th Cir. 1982) 11

United States v. Edelson, 604 F.2d 232 (3d 1979) 10, 40

United States v. Egan, 459 F.2d 997 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 429 U.S. 875 (1972) 10

United States v. Eilertson, 707 F.2d 108 (4th Cir. 1983) 10, 40

United States v. Elkin, 731 F.2d 1005 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 822 (1984) 22, 24

United States v. Ellzey, 874 F.2d 324 (6th Cir. 1989) 23

United States v. Elusma, 849 F.2d 76 (2d Cir. 1988),

cert. denied, 489 U.S. 1097 (1989) 21

United States v. England, 347 F.2d 425 (7th Cir. 1965) 8, 40

United States v. Engle, 458 F.2d 1017 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 409 U.S. 875 (1972) 12

United States v. Enstam, 622 F.2d 857 (5th Cir. 1980),

cert. denied, 450 U.S. 912 (1981) 23, 31, 60

United States v. Erhardt, 381 F.2d 173 (6th Cir. 1967) 24

United States v. Erickson, 676 F.2d 408 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 853 (1982) 40

United States v. Erne, 576 F.2d 212 (9th Cir. 1978) 18

United States v. Escobar de Bright, 742 F.2d 1096 (9th Cir. 1984) 23

United States v. Esparsen, 930 F.2d 1461 (10th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 882 (1992) 21

United States v. Esparza, 876 F.2d 1390 (9th Cir. 1989) 23

United States v. Esser, 520 F.2d 213 (7th Cir. 1975),

cert. denied, 426 U.S. 947 (1976) 33

United States v. Etheridge, 424 F.2d 951 (6th Cir. 1970) 23

United States v. Evanko, 604 F.2d 21 (6th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1024 (1980) 10

United States v. Evans, 559 F.2d 244 (5th Cir. 1977),

cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1015 (1978) 24

United States v. Everett, 692 F.2d 596 (9th Cir. 1982) 23

United States v. Eyster, 948 F.2d 1196 (11th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Falcone, 311 U.S. 205 (1940) 23

United States v. Falk, 479 F.2d 616 (7th Cir. 1973) 40

United States v. Farris, 517 F.2d 226 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 892 (1975) 10, 60

United States v. Fassoulis, 445 F.2d 13 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 404 U.S. 858 (1971) 23

United States v. Fawaz, 881 F.2d 259 (6th Cir. 1989) 8, 12

United States v. Feaster, No. 87-1340 (6th Cir. April 15, 1988),

cert. denied, 488 U.S. 898 (1988) 13

United States v. Felak, 831 F.2d 794 (8th Cir. 1987) 6, 8, 11

United States v. Feldman, 731 F. Supp. 1189 (S.D.N.Y.1990) 23

United States v. Fendley, 522 F.2d 181 (5th Cir. 1975) 60

United States v. Feola, 420 U.S. 671 (1975) 23

United States v. Ferguson, 793 F.2d 828 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 358 (1986) 10-11, 40

United States v. Fern, 696 F.2d 1269 (11th Cir. 1983) 16, 24

United States v. Ferris, 807 F.2d 269 (1st Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 480 U.S. 950 (1987) 7-8, 40

United States v. Field, 532 F.2d 404 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 429 U.S. 940 (1976) 41

United States v. Finestone, 816 F.2d 583 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 484 U.S. 948 (1987) 7, 23

United States v. Fingado, 934 F.2d 1163 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 320 (1991) 8, 10, 12, 40

United States v. First Nat. Bank, 699 F.2d 341 (7th Cir. 1983) 41

United States v. First National City Bank, 379 U.S. 378 (1965) 41

United States v. Fisher, 518 F.2d 836 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 1033 (1975) 32

United States v. Fitzgibbon, 619 F.2d 874 (10th Cir. 1980) 24

United States v. Fitzsimmons, 712 F.2d 1196 (7th Cir. 1983) 8

United States v. Flaherty, 668 F.2d 566 (1st Cir. 1981) 23

United States v. Flake, 746 F.2d 535 (9th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1225 (1985) 12

United States v. Fletcher, 928 F.2d 495 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 67 (1991) 23

United States v. Flitcraft, 803 F.2d 184 (5th Cir. 1986) 11

United States v. Flitcraft, 863 F.2d 342 (5th Cir. 1988),

cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1080 (1989) 40

United States v. Flom, 558 F.2d 1179 (5th Cir. 1977) 60

United States v. Fogg, 652 F.2d 551 (5th Cir.1981),

cert. denied, 456 U.S. 905 (1982) 8

United States v. Ford, 237 F.2d 57 (2d Cir. 1956),

vacated as moot, 355 U.S. 38 (1957) 31

United States v. Ford, 989 F.2d 347 (9th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Foster, 711 F.2d 871 (9th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 465 U.S. 1103 (1984) 60

United States v. Foster, 789 F.2d 457 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 883 (1986) 10-11, 40

United States v. Fowler, 605 F.2d 181 (5th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 445 U.S. 950 (1980) 33

United States v. Fowler, 794 F.2d 1446 (9th Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1094 (1987) 2, 5

United States v. Francisco, 614 F.2d 617 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 446 U.S. 922 (1980) 10, 30

United States v. Franks, 723 F.2d 1482 (10th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied 469 U.S. 817 (1984) 12

United States v. Frazier, 971 F.2d 1076 (4th Cir. 1992),

cert denied, 113 S. Ct. 1028 (1993) 5

United States v. Frederickson, 846 F.2d 517 (8th Cir. 1988) 8

United States v. Freeman, 761 F.2d 549 (9th Cir. 1985),

cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1120 (1986) 40

United States v. Frierson, 945 F.2d 650 (3d Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 1515 (1992) 5

United States v. Fritz, 481 F.2d 644 (9th Cir. 1973) 12

United States v. Fritzson, 979 F.2d 21 (2d Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Fruehauf, 577 F.2d 1038 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 953 (1978) 7, 23

United States v. Gafczk, 847 F.2d 685 (11th Cir. 1988) 24

United States v. Gaines, 690 F.2d 849 (11th Cir. 1982) 12, 60

United States v. Gallo, 927 F.2d 815 (5th Cir. 1991) 5

United States v. Galvan, 961 F.2d 738 (8th Cir. 1992) 23

United States v. Garavaglia, 566 F.2d 1056 (6th Cir. 1977) 8

United States v. Garber, 607 F.2d 92 (5th Cir. 1979) 8

United States v. Garcia, 553 F.2d 432 (5th Cir. 1977) 12

United States v. Garcia, 762 F.2d 1222 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 907 (1985) 30

United States v. Garcia, 903 F.2d 1022 (5th Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Garcilaso de la Vega, 489 F.2d 761 (2d Cir. 1974) 12

United States v. Gardner, 611 F.2d 770 (9th Cir. 1980) 8, 31

United States v. Garguilo, 554 F.2d 59 (2d Cir. 1977) 10, 30

United States v. Garman, 748 F.2d 218 (4th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 470 U.S. 1005 (1985) 6, 10

United States v. Garmany, 762 F.2d 929 (11th Cir. 1985) 60

United States v. Garrison, 527 F.2d 998 (5th Cir. 1975) 21

United States v. Gaskins, 849 F.2d 454 (9th Cir. 1988) 21

United States v. Gaudet, 966 F.2d 959 (5th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1294 (1993) 5

United States v. Gaudin, No. 90-30334, 1994 WL 271930

(9th Cir. June 21, 1994) 12, 24

United States v. Gaumer, 972 F.2d 723 (6th Cir. 1992) 8, 40

United States v. Gay, 567 F.2d 1206 (2d Cir. 1978) 6

United States v. Gay, 576 F.2d 1134 (5th Cir. 1978) 18

United States v. Genser, 582 F.2d 292 (3d Cir. 1978),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 928 (1979) 30

United States v. Georgalis, 631 F.2d 1199 (5th Cir. 1980) 60

United States v. Gerhart, 538 F.2d 807 (8th Cir. 1976) 60

United States v. Ghidoni, 732 F.2d 814 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 932 (1984) 41

United States v. Giacalone, 574 F.2d 328 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 834 (1978) 31

United States v. Gibbons, 968 F.2d 639 (8th Cir. 1992) 25

United States v. Gibson, 881 F.2d 318 (6th Cir. 1989) 24

United States v. Gigax, 605 F.2d 507 (10th Cir. 1979) 40

United States v. Gilbertson, 588 F.2d 584 (8th Cir. 1978) 24

United States v. Gilkey, 362 F. Supp. 1069 (E.D. Pa. 1973) 12

United States v. Gilliland, 312 U.S. 86 (1941) 24

United States v. Gillings, 568 F.2d 1307 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 436 U.S. 919 (1978) 10, 30

United States v. Giry, 818 F.2d 120 (1st Cir.),

cert. denied, 484 U.S. 855 (1987) 23

United States v. Gleason, 726 F.2d 385 (8th Cir. 1984) 10, 40

United States v. Goberman, 458 F.2d 226 (3d Cir. 1972) 24

United States v. Goetz, 746 F.2d 705 (11th Cir. 1984) 40

United States v. Goichman, 407 F.Supp. 980 (E.D. Pa. 1976),

aff'd, 547 F.2d 778 (3d Cir. 1976) 31

United States v. Goichman, 547 F.2d 778 (3d Cir. 1976) 31

United States v. Gold, 743 F.2d 800 (11th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1217 (1985) 12

United States v. Goldberger & Dubin, P.C., 935 F.2d 501 (2nd Cir. 1991) 10, 25

United States v. Goldstein, 502 F.2d 526 (3d Cir. 1974) 10

United States v. Goldstein, 56 F.R.D. 52 (D. Del. 1972) 10

United States v. Goldstein, 685 F.2d 179 (7th Cir. 1982) 31

United States v. Goldstein, 695 F.2d 1228 (10th Cir. 1981),

cert. denied, 462 U.S. 1132 (1983) 24

United States v. Gonzalez, 797 F.2d 915 (10th Cir. 1986) 7, 23

United States v. Gonzalez, 940 F.2d 1413 (11th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 910 (1992) 23

United States v. Goodyear, 649 F.2d 226 (4th Cir. 1981) 7-8

United States v. Gorden, 495 F.2d 308 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 419 U.S. 833 (1974) 18

United States v. Goss, 353 F.2d 671 (4th Cir. 1965) 14

United States v. Grabinski, 727 F.2d 681 (8th Cir. 1984) 10, 40

United States v. Grasso, 629 F.2d 805 (2d Cir. 1980) 31

United States v. Green, 745 F.2d 1205 (9th Cir. 1984) 24

United States v. Green, 757 F.2d 116 (7th Cir. 1985) 10, 40

United States v. Greenberg, 268 F.2d 120 (2d Cir. 1959) 24

United States v. Greenberg, 735 F.2d 29 (2d Cir. 1984) 12, 30

United States v. Greene, 698 F.2d 1364 (9th Cir. 1983) 31

United States v. Greene, 862 F.2d 1512 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 493 U.S. 809 (1989) 24

United States v. Greenlee, 380 F. Supp. 652 (E.D.

Pa. 1974), aff'd., 517 F.2d 899 (3d Cir.),

cert.

denied, 423 U.S. 985 (1975) 10

United States v. Greenlee, 517 F.2d 899 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 985 (1975) 10

United States v. Greer, 607 F.2d 1251 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 993 (1979) 13

United States v. Greger, 716 F.2d 1275 (9th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 465 U.S. 1007 (1984) 8, 13

United States v. Gregorio, 956 F.2d 341 (1st Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Gribben, 792 F. Supp. 960

(S.D.N.Y. 1992), rev'd on other grounds, 984

F.2d 47 (2d Cir. 1993) 24

United States v. Griffin, 814 F.2d 806 (1st Cir. 1987) 13, 21

United States v. Griley, 814 F.2d 967 (4th Cir. 1987) 6

United States v. Grizzle, 933 F.2d 943 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 271 (1991) 24

United States v. Gross, 286 F.2d 59 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 366 U.S. 935 (1961) 8

United States v. Grosshans, 821 F.2d 1247 (6th Cir. 1987) 40

United States v. Grumka, 728 F.2d 794 (6th Cir. 1984) 10-11, 40

United States v. Grunewald, 987 F.2d 531 (8th Cir. 1993) 8

United States v. Gurary, 860 F.2d 521 (2d Cir. 1988),

cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1035 (1989) 13, 23

United States v. Gurtner, 474 F.2d 297 (9th Cir. 1973) 31

United States v. Gurtunca, 836 F.2d 283 (7th Cir. 1987) 12

United States v. H.J.K. Theatre Corporation, 236 F.2d 502 (2d Cir. 1956),

cert. denied, 352 U.S. 969 (1957) 9

United States v. Habig, 390 U.S. 222 (1968) 7-8, 13

United States v. Haga, 821 F.2d 1036 (5th Cir. 1987) 23

United States v. Hagen, 470 F.2d 110 (10th Cir. 1972),

cert. denied, 412 U.S. 903 (1973) 31

United States v. Haimowitz, 404 F.2d 38 (2d Cir. 1968) 13

United States v. Hairston, 819 F.2d 971 (10th Cir. 1987) 10, 40

United States v. Hajecate, 683 F.2d 894 (5th Cir. 1982),

cert. denied, 461 U.S. 927 (1983) 12, 24

United States v. Hall, 650 F.2d 994 (9th Cir. 1981) 31-33

United States v. Hallman, 594 F.2d 198 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 828 (1979) 31

United States v. Halperin, 441 F.2d 612 (5th Cir. 1971) 60

United States v. Hamilton, 620 F. 2d 712 (9th Cir. 1980) 31

United States v. Hammes, 3 F.3d 1081 (7th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Hanson, 2 F.3d 942 (9th Cir. 1993) 5, 17

United States v. Harmas, 974 F.2d 1262 (11th Cir. 1992) 14, 23

United States v. Harper, 458 F.2d 891 (7th Cir. 1971),

cert. denied, 406 U.S. 930 (1972) 8

United States v. Harper, 972 F.2d 321 (11th Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Harris, 683 F.2d 322 (9th Cir. 1982) 40

United States v. Harris, 707 F.2d 653 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 464 U.S. 997 (1983) 40

United States v. Harris, 726 F.2d 558 (9th Cir. 1984) 10

United States v. Harris, 942 F.2d 1125 (7th Cir. 1991) 8

United States v. Harrison, 30 A.F.T.R.2d 72-5367,

1972-2 U.S.T.C. 9573, (E.D.N.Y.), aff'd, 486 F.2d 1397

(2d Cir. 1972), cert. denied, 411 U.S. 965 (1973) 10, 40

United States v. Harrold, 796 F.2d 1275 (10th Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1037 (1987) 8

United States v. Harting, 879 F.2d 175 (10th Cir. 1989) 10, 40

United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir. 1982),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 (1983) 23

United States v. Harvey, 996 F.2d 919 (7th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Hashimoto, 878 F.2d 1126 (9th Cir. 1989) 3, 40

United States v. Hathaway, 798 F.2d 902 (6th Cir. 1986) 60

United States v. Hawk, 497 F.2d 365 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 419 U.S. 838 (1974) 10

United States v. Hayes, 861 F.2d 1225 (10th Cir. 1988) 40

United States v. Haynes, 573 F.2d 236 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 850 (1978) 13, 30

United States v. Haynie, 568 F.2d 1091 (5th Cir. 1978) 22

United States v. Hazel, 696 F.2d 473 (6th Cir. 1983) 40

United States v. Heater, 689 F.2d 783 (8th Cir. 1982) 23

United States v. Hebel, 668 F.2d 995 (8th Cir.)

cert. denied, 456 U.S. 946 (1982) 4

United States v. Hedman, 630 F.2d 1184 (7th Cir. 1980),

cert. denied, 450 U.S. 965 (1981) 12

United States v. Heinemann, 801 F.2d 86 (2d Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1094 (1987) 23, 40

United States v. Heise, 709 F.2d 449 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 464 U.S. 918 (1983) 40

United States v. Helina, 549 F.2d 713 (9th Cir. 1977) 33

United States v. Heller, 830 F.2d 150 (11th Cir. 1987) 8

United States v. Helmsley, 941 F.2d 71 (2d Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 1162 (1992) 8, 12, 13, 23, 30, 60

United States v. Hemphill, 544 F.2d 341 (8th Cir. 1976),

cert. denied, 430 U.S. 967 (1977) 18

United States v. Henderson, 386 F.Supp. 1048 (S.D.N.Y. 1971) 2

United States v. Henry, 883 F.2d 1010 (11th Cir. 1989) 5

United States v. Herberman, 583 F.2d 222 (5th Cir. 1978) 24

United States v. Hermes, 847 F.2d 493 (8th Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Hernandez, 921 F.2d 1569 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 111 S. Ct. 2271 (1991) 23

United States v. Herzog, 632 F.2d 469 (5th Cir. 1980) 11

United States v. Heyward, 729 F.2d 297 (4th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1105 (1985) 31

United States v. Hicks, 619 F.2d 752 (8th Cir. 1980) 24

United States v. Hicks, 978 F.2d 722 (D.C. Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Hiett, 581 F.2d 1199 (5th Cir. 1978) 31

United States v. Higgins, 2 F.3d 1094 (10th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Higgins, 987 F.2d 543 (8th Cir. 1993) 17, 40

United States v. Hildebrandt, 961 F.2d 116 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 225 (1992) 24, 40

United States v. Hinderman, 528 F.2d 100 (8th Cir. 1976) 11

United States v. Hinderman, 625 F.2d 994 (l0th Cir. 1980) 11

United States v. Hirschfeld, 964 F.2d 318 (4th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1067 (1993) 5-6, 13, 23

United States v. Hobbs, 991 F.2d 569 (9th Cir. 1993) 23

United States v. Hogan, 861 F.2d 312 (1st Cir. 1988) 8, 11, 40

United States v. Holcomb, 797 F.2d 1320 (5th Cir. 1986) 23

United States v. Holden, 963 F.2d 1114 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 113 U.S. 419 (1992) 10, 40

United States v. Holecek, 739 F.2d 331 (8th Cir. 1984) 12, 40

United States v. Holladay, 566 F.2d 1018 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 831 (1978) 8, 12

United States v. Holland, 880 F.2d 1091 (9th Cir. 1989) 12

United States v. Hollis, 971 F.2d 1441 (10th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1580 (1993) 5

United States v. Holloway, 731 F.2d 378 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1022 (1984) 22

United States v. Holmes, 840 F.2d 246 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 488 U.S. 831 (1988) 24

United States v. Holovachka, 314 F.2d 345 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 374 U.S. 809 (1963) 8, 31

United States v. Holroyd, 732 F.2d 1122 (2d Cir. 1984) 12

United States v. Hom Ming Dong, 436 F.2d 1237 (9th Cir. 1971) 31

United States v. Honea, 556 F.2d 906 (8th Cir. 1977) 31

United States v. Hook, 781 F.2d 1166 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 882 (1986) 8, 14

United States v. Hooks, 848 F.2d 785 (7th Cir. 1988) 13, 21, 23

United States v. Hooper, 596 F.2d 219 (7th Cir. 1979) 24

United States v. Hope, 861 F.2d 1574 (11th Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Hopkins, 916 F.2d 207 (5th Cir. 1990) 23

United States v. Horn, 946 F.2d 738 (10th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Hornstein, 176 F.2d 217 (7th Cir. 1949) 31

United States v. Horton, 526 F.2d 884 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 429 U.S. 820 (1976) 30, 33

United States v. Horton, 847 F.2d 313 (6th Cir. 1988) 21

United States v. Horvath, 731 F.2d 557 (8th Cir. 1984) 31

United States v. House, 617 F. Supp. 237 (W.D. Mich. 1985) 40

United States v. Howard, 855 F.2d 832 (11th Cir. 1988) 12

United States v. Hoyland, 914 F.2d 1125 (9th Cir. 1990) 25

United States v. Hudler, 605 F.2d 488 (l0th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 445 U.S. 961 (1980) 11

United States v. Hughes, 964 F.2d 536 (6th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1254 (1993) 24

United States v. Huguenin, 950 F.2d 23 (1st Cir. 1991) 8, 40

United States v. Humphreys, 982 F.2d 254 (8th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 114 S. Ct. 61 (1993) 6, 8

United States v. Hurd, 549 F.2d 118 (9th Cir. 1977) 40

United States v. Hurley, 957 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 60 (1992) 23

United States v. Hutchison, 1993 WL 137780 (9th Cir. January 13, 1993) 13

United States v. Hutchison, 1994 WL 193972 (9th Cir. May 19, 1994) 24

United States v. Hylton, 710 F.2d 1106 (5th Cir. 1983) 17

United States v. I.H. Hammerman, 528 F.2d 326 (4th Cir. 1975) 17

United States v. Iles, 906 F.2d 1122 (6th Cir. 1990) 23

United States v. Ingredient Technology Corp., 698 F.2d 88 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 462 U.S. 1131 (1983) 12

United States v. Irwin, 561 F.2d 198 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1012 (1977) 40

United States v. Irwin, 654 F.2d 671 (10th Cir. 1981),

cert. denied, 455 U.S. 1016 (1982) 22, 24

United States v. Isaacs, 493 F.2d 1124 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 417 U.S. 976 (1974) 8, 24

United States v. Isenhower, 754 F.2d 489 (3d Cir. 1985) 40

United States v. Ivey, 915 F.2d 380 (8th Cir. 1990) 21, 23

United States v. Jackson, 452 F.2d 144 (7th Cir. 1971) 13

United States v. Jackson, 935 F.2d 832 (7th Cir. 1991) 25

United States v. Jagim, 978 F.2d 1032 (8th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 2447 (1993) 5, 40

United States v. Jannoti, 729 F.2d 213 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 880 (1984) 7, 23

United States v. Jeffries, 854 F.2d 254 (7th Cir. 1988) 40

United States v. Jerde, 841 F.2d 818 (8th Cir. 1988) 8

United States v. Jerkins, 871 F.2d 598 (6th Cir. 1989) 23

United States v. Jernigan, 411 F.2d 471 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 396 U.S. 927 (1969) 12

United States v. Jett, 352 F.2d 179 (6th Cir. 1965) 8

United States v. Jewell, 532 F.2d 697 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 426 U.S. 951 (1976) 8, 10, 12

United States v. Jewett, 438 F.2d 495 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 402 U.S. 947 (1971) 31

United States v. Johnson, 319 U.S. 503 (1943) 8, 31, 32

United States v. Johnson, 383 U.S. 169 (1966) 23

United States v. Johnson, 386 F.2d 630 (3d Cir. 1967) 8

United States v. Johnson, 558 F.2d 744 (5th Cir. 1977),

cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1065 (1978) 12

United States v. Johnson, 575 F.2d 1347 (5th Cir. 1978),

cert. denied, 440 U.S. 907 (1979) 23

United States v. Johnson, 576 F.2d 1331 (8th Cir. 1978) 11

United States v. Johnson, 577 F.2d 1304 (5th Cir. 1978) 40, 60

United States v. Johnson, 893 F.2d 451 (1st Cir. 1990) 40

United States v. Johnson, 964 F.2d 124 (2d Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Johnson, 971 F.2d 562 (10th Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Jones, 464 F.2d 1118 (8th Cir. 1972),

cert. denied, 409 U.S. 1111 (1973) 24

United States v. Jones, 678 F.2d 102 (9th Cir. 1982) 21

United States v. Jones, 958 F.2d 520 (2d Cir. 1992) 60

United States v. Jungles, 903 F.2d 468 (7th Cir. 1990) 8

United States v. Juodakis, 834 F.2d 1099 (1st Cir. 1987) 7, 23

United States v. Kaiser, 893 F.2d 1300 (11th Cir. 1990) 3, 8, 12

United States v. Kane, 944 F.2d 1406 (7th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Kapnison, 743 F.2d 1450 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1015 (1985) 23

United States v. Karlin, 785 F.2d 90 (3d Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 480 U.S. 907 (1987) 40

United States v. Karsky, 610 F.2d 548 (8th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1092 (1980) 40

United States v. Kaufman, 951 F.2d 793 (7th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 F.2d 2350 (1993) 5

United States v. Kaytso, 868 F.2d 1020 (9th Cir. 1988) 6

United States v. Keane, 522 F.2d 534 (7th Cir. 1975) 60

United States v. Keller, 523 F.2d 1009 (9th Cir. 1975) 31

United States v. Kelley, 105 F.2d 912 (2d Cir. 1939) 13

United States v. Kelley, 769 F.2d 215 (4th Cir. 1985) 23, 40

United States v. Kelley, 864 F.2d 569 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 493 U.S. 811 (1989) 13

United States v. Kellogg, 955 F.2d 1244 (9th Cir. 1992) 13, 40

United States v. Kelly, 349 F.2d 720 (2d Cir. 1965),

cert. denied, 384 U.S. 947 (1966) 60

United States v. Kelly, 864 F.2d 569 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 493 U.S. 811 (1989) 7

United States v. Keltner, 675 F.2d 602 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 832 (1982) 8

United States v. Kennard, 799 F.2d 556 (9th Cir. 1986) 40

United States v. Kerwin, 945 F.2d 92 (5th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. Kibby, 848 F.2d 920 (8th Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Kienenberg, 13 F.3d 1354 (9th Cir. 1994) 5

United States v. Killian, 246 F.2d 77 (7th Cir. 1957) 24

United States v. Kilpatrick, 458 F.2d 864 (7th Cir. 1972) 21

United States v. Kim, 884 F.2d 189 (5th Cir. 1989) 8, 12

United States v. Kimball, 896 F.2d 1218 (9th Cir. 1990),

vacated, 925 F.2d 356 (9th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. Kimball, 925 F.2d 356 (9th Cir. 1991) 10, 40

United States v. King, 563 F.2d 559 (2d Cir. 1977),

cert. denied, 435 U.S. 918 (1978) 8, 12

United States v. Klee, 494 F.2d 394 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 419 U.S. 835 (1974) 10

United States v. Kleifgen, 557 F.2d 1293 (9th Cir. 1977) 8

United States v. Klein, 247 F.2d, 915 (2d Cir. 1957),

cert. denied, 355 U.S. 924 (1958) 5, 23

United States v. Knight, 898 F.2d 436 (5th Cir. 1990) 8

United States v. Knox, 396 U.S. 77 (1969) 24

United States v. Kopituk, 690 F.2d 1289 (11th Cir. 1982),

cert. denied, 463 U.S. 1209 (1983) 13

United States v. Koskerides, 877 F.2d 1129 (2d Cir. 1989) 31

United States v. Kovel, 292 F.2d 918 (2d 1961) 31

United States v. Kraeger, 711 F.2d 6 (2d Cir. 1983) 11, 40

United States v. Krall, 835 F.2d 711 (8th Cir. 1987) 8, 13

United States v. Krasn, 614 F.2d 1229 (9th Cir. 1980) 7, 23

United States v. Krasovich, 819 F.2d 253 (9th Cir. 1987) 23, 25

United States v. Krause, 786 F. Supp. 1151 (E.D.N.Y.),

aff'd, 978 F.2d 706 (1992) 17, 40

United States v. Kryzske, 836 F.2d 1013 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 488 U.S. 832 (1988) 8, 40

United States v. Kuball, 976 F.2d 529 (9th Cir. 1992) 5, 17, 40

United States v. Labat, 905 F.2d 18 (2d Cir. 1990) 21, 23

United States v. Lachmann, 469 F.2d 1043 (lst Cir. 1972),

cert. denied, 411 U.S. 931 (1973) 40

United States v. Lacob, 416 F.2d 756 (7th Cir. 1969),

cert. denied, 396 U.S. 1059 (1970) 30, 33

United States v. Lacy, 658 F.2d 396 (5th Cir. 1981) 10

United States v. Lafaurie, 833 F.2d 1468 (11th Cir. 1987),

cert. denied, 486 U.S. 1032 (1988) 23

United States v. Lam Kwong-Wah, 924 F.2d 298 (D.C. Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Lambert, 501 F.2d 943 (5th Cir. 1974) 24

United States v. Lamp, 779 F.2d 1088 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1144 (1986) 23

United States v. Lane, 765 F.2d 1376 (9th Cir. 1985) 23

United States v. Lange, 466 F.2d 1021 (9th Cir. 1972) 60

United States v. Lanier, 578 F.2d 1246 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 856 (1978) 31

United States v. Lanier, 838 F.2d 281 (8th Cir. 1988) 21

United States v. Lanier, 920 F.2d at 892 ......... 22-7

United States v. Lanier, 928 F.2d 887 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 208 (1991) 22

United States v. Lankford, 955 F.2d 1545 (11th Cir. 1992) 12

United States v. Lard, 734 F.2d 1290 (8th Cir. 1984) 21

United States v. Larson, 612 F.2d 1301 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 446 U.S. 936 (1980) 8

United States v. Lash, 937 F.2d 1077 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 397 (1991) 7, 23

United States v. Latham, 754 F.2d 747 (7th Cir. 1985) 11, 40

United States v. Laurins, 857 F.2d 529 (9th Cir. 1988),

cert. denied, 492 U.S. 906 (1989) 21

United States v. Lawhon, 499 F.2d 352 (5th Cir. 1974),

cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1121 (1975) 12, 30-31, 33

United States v. Lawrence, 934 F.2d 868 (7th Cir. 1991) 60

United States v. Lawson, 670 F.2d 923 (l0th Cir. 1982) 11, 40

United States v. Lawson, 809 F.2d 1514 (11th Cir. 1987) 24

United States v. Leavis, 853 F.2d 215 (4th Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Lehder-Rivas, 822 F.2d 682 (11th Cir. 1987) 41

United States v. Leidendeker, 779 F.2d 1417 (9th Cir. 1986) 40

United States v. Lemm, 680 F.2d 1193 (8th Cir. 1982),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1110 (1983) 23

United States v. Lenamond, 553 F. Supp. 852 (N.D. Tex. 1982) 33

United States v. Leventhal, 961 F.2d 936 (11th Cir. 1992) 10, 25

United States v. Levy, 533 F.2d 969 (5th Cir. 1976) 12

United States v. Levy, 99 F. Supp. 529 (D.Conn. 1951) 4

United States v. Levy Auto Parts of Canada, 787 F.2d 946 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 828 (1986) 23

United States v. Lewis, 671 F.2d 1025 (7th Cir. 1982) 10

United States v. Lewis, 676 F.2d 508 (11th Cir. 1982),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 976 (1983) 23

United States v. Lewis, 759 F.2d 1316 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 994 (1985) 23, 31

United States v. Lewis, 902 F.2d 1176 (5th Cir. 1990) 23

United States v. Lieberman, 637 F.2d 95 (2d Cir. 1980) 60

United States v. Liebert, 519 F.2d 542 (3d Cir.),

cert denied, 423 U.S. 985 (1975) 60

United States v. Lillard, 929 F.2d 500 (9th Cir. 1991) 5

United States v. Lillie, 989 F.2d 1054 (9th Cir. 1993) 40

United States v. Lindell, 881 F.2d 1313 (5th Cir. 1989),

cert. denied, 496 U.S. 926 (1990) 21

United States v. Link, 202 F.2d 592 (3d Cir. 1953) 30-14, 18

United States v. Lippincott, 579 F.2d 551 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 854 (1978) 8

United States v. Lisowski, 504 F.2d 1268 (7th Cir. 1974) 8, 30

United States v. Little, 753 F.2d 1420 (9th Cir. 1984) 23

United States v. Lizotte, 856 F.2d 341 (1st Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Lodwick, 410 F.2d 1202 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 396 U.S. 841 (1969) 3, 8, 12

United States v. Londe, 587 F.2d 18 (8th Cir. 1978),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 1130 (1979) 31

United States v. Long, 618 F.2d 74 (9th Cir. 1980) 10

United States v. Lorenzo, 995 F.2d 1448 (9th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Lowder, 492 F.2d 953 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1092 (1974) 7, 23

United States v. Lublin, 981 F.2d 367 (8th Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Ludwig, 897 F.2d 875 (7th Cir. 1990) 33

United States v. Lussier, 929 F.2d 25 (1st Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. Lynch, 934 F.2d 1226 (11th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 885 (1992) 23

United States v. M'Biye, 655 F.2d 1240 (D.C. Cir. 1981) 60

United States v. Maceo, 947 F.2d 1191 (5th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 1510 (1992) 23

United States v. MacKenzie, 777 F.2d 811 (2d Cir. 1985),

cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1169 (1986) 8, 10, 12

United States v. Mackey, 345 F.2d 499 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 382 U.S. 824 (1965) 31

United States v. Mackey, 571 F.2d 376 (7th Cir. 1978) 8, 23

United States v. MacLeod, 436 F.2d 947 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 402 U.S. 907 (1971) 10

United States v. Magnus, 365 F.2d 1007 (2d Cir. 1966),

cert. denied, 386 U.S. 909 (1967) 8

United States v. Maher, 582 F.2d 842 (4th Cir. 1978),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 1115 (1979) 22

United States v. Maius, 378 F.2d 716 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 389 U.S. 905 (1967) 8, 13

United States v. Mal, 942 F.2d 682-87 (9th Cir. 1991) 8, 40

United States v. Maldonado-Rivera, 922 F.2d 934 (2d Cir. 1990),

cert. denied, 111 S. Ct. 2811 (1991) 6, 23

United States v. Malinowski, 472 F.2d 850 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 411 U.S. 970 (1973) 11

United States v. Mallas, 762 F.2d 361 (4th Cir. 1985) 8

United States v. Malquist, 791 F.2d 1399 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 479 F.2d 954 (1986) 10, 40

United States v. Mancuso, 378 F.2d 612 (4th Cir. 1967),

amended, 387 F.2d 376 (4th Cir. 1967),

cert. denied, 390 U.S. 955 (1968) 31

United States v. Mangan, 575 F.2d 32 (2d Cir. 1978) 2

United States v. Mangieri, 694 F.2d 1270 (D.C. Cir. 1982) 40

United States v. Mann, 884 F.2d 532 (10th Cir. 1989) 40

United States v. Mansfield, 381 F.2d 961 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 389 U.S. 1015 (1967) 33

United States v. Marabelles, 724 F.2d 1374 (9th Cir. 1984) 8, 10, 12, 30

United States v. Marable, 578 F.2d 151 (5th Cir. 1978) 23

United States v. Marashi, 913 F.2d 724 (9th Cir. 1990) 8

United States v. Marashi, 913 F.2d 724 (9th Cir. 1990) 12

United States v. Marchant, 774 F.2d 888 (8th Cir. 1985),

cert. denied, 475 U.S. 1012 (1986) 6

United States v. Marchant, 774 F.2d 888 (8th Cir. 1985),

cert. denied, 475 U.S. 1012 (1986) 7

United States v. Marchant, 774 F.2d 888 (8th Cir. 1985),

cert. denied, 475 U.S. 1012 (1986) 8

United States v. Marchini, 797 F.2d 759 (9th Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1085 (1987) 8

United States v. Marchini, 797 F.2d 759 (9th Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1085 (1987) 12

United States v. Marchisio, 344 F.2d 653 (2d Cir. 1965) 24

United States v. Marcus, 401 F.2d 563 (2d Cir. 1968),

cert. denied, 393 U.S. 1023 (1969) 8

United States v. Marcus, 401 F.2d 563 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 393 U.S. 1023 (1968) 30

United States v. Mariani, 725 F.2d 862 (2d Cir. 1984) 23

United States v. Markham, 537 F.2d 187 (5th Cir. 1976) 24

United States v. Marrinson, 832 F.2d 1465 (7th Cir. 1987) 6-8, 12, 32

United States v. Marshall, 557 F.2d 527 (5th Cir. 1977) 31-32

United States v. Marshall, 856 F.2d 896 (7th Cir. 1988) 7

United States v. Marshall, 863 F.2d 1285 (6th Cir. 1988) 30-31

United States v. Martin, 525 F.2d 703 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 1035 (1975) 30

United States v. Martin, 704 F.2d 267 (6th Cir. 1983) 60

United States v. Martin, 747 F.2d 1404 (11th Cir. 1984) 17, 21, 40

United States v. Martin, 790 F.2d 1215 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 868 (1986) 40

United States v. Martin, 920 F.2d 345 (6th Cir. 1990),

cert. denied, 111 S. Ct. 2038 (1991) 23

United States v. Martinez, 700 F.2d 1358 (11th Cir. 1983) 60

United States v. Marttila, 434 F.2d 834 (8th Cir. 1970) 30

United States v. Masat, 896 F.2d 88 (5th Cir. 1990),

appeal after remand, 948 F.2d 923 (5th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 108 (1992) 8, 40

United States v. Masat, 948 F.2d 923 (5th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. Massa, 686 F.2d 526 (7th Cir. 1982) 22

United States v. Massa, 740 F.2d 629 (8th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1115 (1985) 23

United States v. Massey, 550 F.2d 300 (5th Cir. 1977) 24

United States v. Mastropieri, 685 F.2d 776 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 945 (1982) 31-32

United States v. Mastros, 257 F.2d 808 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 358 U.S. 830 (1958) 22

United States v. Mathis, 980 F.2d 496 (8th Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Mayberry, 913 F.2d 719 (9th Cir. 1990) 24

United States v. Mayer, 775 F.2d 1387 (9th Cir. 1985) 24

United States v. Mayes, 512 F.2d 637 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1008 (1975) 23

United States v. Mayo, 646 F.2d 369 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1127 (1981) 23

United States v. McClain, 934 F.2d 822 (7th Cir. 1991) 12

United States v. McCorkle, 511 F.2d 482 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 826 (1975) 10

United States v. McCormick, 67 F.2d 867 (2d Cir. 1933),

cert. denied, 291 U.S. 662 (1934) 4

United States v. McCormick, 992 F.2d 437 (2d Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. McCrane, 527 F.2d 906 (3d Cir. 1975),

vacated and remanded in part, 427 U.S. 909,

reaff'd in part and vacated and remanded

in part, 547 F.2d 204 (3d Cir. 1976) 13

United States v. McCue, 178 F. Supp. 426 (D. Conn. 1959) 15

United States v. McCue, 301 F.2d 452 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 370 U.S. 939 (1962) 24

United States v. McDonough, 603 F.2d 19 (7th Cir. 1979) 11

United States v. McGee, 572 F. 2d 1097 (5th Cir. 1978) 13

United States v. McGill, 953 F.2d 10 (1st Cir. 1992) 60

United States v. McGill, 964 F.2d 222 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 664 (1992) 8

United States v. McGuire, 347 F.2d 99 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 382 U.S. 826 (1965) 30

United States v. McKee, 942 F.2d 477 (8th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. McMullen, 516 F.2d 917 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 915 (1975) 18

United States v. McMullen, 755 F.2d 65 (6th Cir. 1984) 40

United States v. McNeese, 901 F.2d 585 (7th Cir. 1990) 23

United States v. McPartlin, 595 F.2d 1321 (7th Cir.),,

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 833 (1979) 60

United States v. Mealy, 851 F.2d 890 (7th Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Medina, 940 F.2d 1247 (9th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Medina de Perez, 799 F.2d 540 (9th Cir. 1986) 24

United States v. Meek, 998 F.2d 776 (10th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Melvan, 676 F. Supp. 997 (C.D. Cal. 1987) 6

United States v. Mendel, 746 F.2d 155 (2d Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1213 (1985) 24

United States v. Meriwether, 440 F.2d 753 (5th Cir. 1971),

cert. denied, 417 U.S. (1974) 30-32

United States v. Merrick, 464 F.2d 1087 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 409 U.S. 1023 (1972) 10, 60

United States v. Merriwether, 329 F. Supp. 1156 (S.D. Ala. 1971),

aff'd, 469 F.2d 1406 (5th Cir. 1972) 18

United States v. Mesa-Rincon, 911 F.2d 1433 (10th Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Meyer, 808 F.2d 1304 (8th Cir. 1987) 8

United States v. Meyers, 847 F.2d 1408 (9th Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Michaud, 860 F.2d 495 (1st Cir. 1988) 8, 40

United States v. Mickens, 926 F.2d 1323 (2d Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 940 (1992) 25

United States v. Mierzwicki, 500 F. Supp. 1331 (D.Md. 1980) 31

United States v. Milder, 459 F.2d 801 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 409 U.S. 851 (1972) 8

United States v. Miller, 471 U.S. 130 (1985) 8

United States v. Miller, 545 F.2d 1204 (9th Cir. 1976),

cert. denied, 430 U.S. 930 (1977) 2, 8, 22

United States v. Miller, 771 F.2d 1219 (9th Cir. 1985) 60

United States v. Millican, 600 F.2d 273 (5th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 445 U.S. 915 (1980) 10, 40

United States v. Milton, 602 F.2d 231 (9th Cir. 1979) 22

United States v. Minarik, 875 F.2d 1186 (6th Cir. 1989) 14, 23

United States v. Ming, 466 F.2d 1000 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 409 U.S. 915 (1972) 10

United States v. Mitchell, 985 F.2d 1275 (4th Cir. 1993) 17, 40

United States v. MMR Corp., 907 F.2d 489 (5th Cir. 1990) 7, 23

United States v. Moeckly, 769 F.2d 453 (8th Cir. 1985),

cert. denied, 475 U.S. 1015 (1986) 23

United States v. Mohney, 949 F.2d 1397 (6th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 1940 (1992) 12, 14, 23, 60

United States v. Mollica, 849 F.2d 723 (2d Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Montalvo, 820 F.2d 686 (5th Cir. 1987) 23

United States v. Monteiro, 871 F.2d 204 (1st Cir.),

cert. denied, 493 U.S. 833 (1989) 13

United States v. Montoya, 716 F.2d 1340 (10th Cir. 1983) 22

United States v. Moody, 339 F.2d 161 (6th Cir. 1964) 33

United States v. Moon, 718 F.2d 1210 (2d Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 466 U.S. 971 (1984) 10, 12, 40, 60

United States v. Moore, 627 F.2d 830 (7th Cir. 1980),

cert. denied, 450 U.S. 916 (1981) 10

United States v. Moore, 627 F.2d 830 (7th Cir. 1980),

cert. denied, 450 U.S. 916 (1981) 40

United States v. Moore, 923 F.2d 910 (1st Cir. 1991) 60

United States v. Moore, 997 F.2d 55 (5th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Moran, 759 F.2d 777 (9th Cir. 1985),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 1102 (1986) 23

United States v. Morgan, 555 F.2d 238 (9th Cir. 1977) 60

United States v. Morlang, 531 F.2d 183 (4th Cir. 1975) 60

United States v. Morris, 741 F.2d 188 (8th Cir. 1984) 24

United States v. Morrow, 923 F.2d 427 (6th Cir. 1991) 21

United States v. Morse, 491 F.2d 149 (1st Cir. 1974) 12, 31, 33

United States v. Mortiner, 343 F.2d 500 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 382 U.S. 842 (1965) 8

United States v. Mosel, 738 F.2d 157 (6th Cir. 1984) 10, 40

United States v. Moss, 559 F. Supp. 37 (D.Or. 1983) 13

United States v. Moss, 604 F.2d 569 (8th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1071 (1980) 40

United States v. Motley, 940 F.2d 1079 (7th Cir. 1991) 13, 21

United States v. Mourning, 914 F.2d 699 (5th Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Moya-Gomez, 860 F.2d 706 (7th Cir. 1988),

cert. denied, 492 F.2d 908 (1989) 23

United States v. Moylan, 417 F.2d 1002 (4th Cir. 1969),

cert. denied, 397 U.S. 910 (1970) 8

United States v. Mueller, 778 F.2d 539 (9th Cir. 1985) 40

United States v. Murdock, 290 U.S. 389 (1933) 8

United States v. Murph, 707 F.2d 895 (6th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 821 (1984) 22

United States v. Murphy, 809 F.2d 1427 (9th Cir. 1987) 23

United States v. Murray, 527 F.2d 401 (5th Cir. 1976) 23

United States v. Musacchia, 900 F.2d 493 (2d Cir. 1990),

vacated in part on other grounds, 955 F.2d 3 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 111 S. Ct. 2887 (1991) 7, 9

United States v. Myers, 878 F.2d 1142 (9th Cir. 1989) 24

United States v. Nathan, 536 F.2d 988 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 429 U.S. 930 (1976) 30

United States v. Nealy, 729 F.2d 961 (4th Cir. 1984) 13

United States v. Neel, 547 F.2d 95 (9th Cir. 1976) 8

United States v. Neff, 615 F.2d 1235 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 447 U.S. 925 (1980) 10, 40, 60

United States v. Neff, 954 F.2d 698 (11th Cir. 1992) 40

United States v. Neifert-White Co., 390 U.S. 228 (1968) 22

United States v. Nelson, 791 F.2d 336 (5th Cir. 1986) 8

United States v. Nemetz, 309 F. Supp. 1336 (W.D. Pa. 1970),

aff'd, 450 F.2d 924 (3d Cir. 1971),

cert. denied, 405 U.S. 988 (1972) 30

United States v. Nersesian, 824 F.2d 1294 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 484 U.S. 957 (1987) 23-24

United States v. Netz, 758 F.2d 1308 (7th Cir. 1987) 6

United States v. Newman, 468 F.2d 791 (5th Cir. 1972),

cert. denied, 411 U.S. 905 (1973) 32

United States v. Nicoll, 664 F.2d 1308 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 457 U.S. 1118 (1982) 23

United States v. Nielsen, 1 F.3d 855 (9th Cir. 1993) 40

United States v. Noble, 754 F.2d 1324 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 818 (1985) 23

United States v. Normile, 587 F.2d 784 (5th Cir. 1979) 31, 33

United States v. Norris, 205 F.2d 828 (2d Cir. 1953) 31

United States v. Norris, 749 F.2d 1116 (4th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1065 (1985) 23, 24

United States v. Northern, 329 F.2d 794 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 377 U.S. 991 (1964) 30-31

United States v. Notch, 939 F.2d 895 (10th Cir. 1991) 23, 31

United States v. Null, 415 F.2d 1178 (4th Cir. 1969) 12

United States v. Nunan, 236 F.2d 576 (2d Cir. 1956),

cert. denied, 353 U.S. 912 (1957) 8, 33

United States v. O'Connor, 237 F.2d 466 (2d Cir. 1956) 31-32

United States v. O'Connor, 273 F.2d 358 (2d Cir. 1959) 31

United States v. O'Connor, 433 F.2d 752 (lst Cir. 1970),

cert. denied, 401 U.S. 911 (1971) 8, 31

United States v. O'Keefe, 825 F.2d 314 (11th Cir. 1987) 8

United States v. O'Neal, 834 F.2d 862 (9th Cir. 1987) 7

United States v. Oaks, 508 F.2d 1403 (9th Cir. 1974) 40

United States v. Ocasio, 914 F.2d 330 (1st Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Ojala, 544 F.2d 940 (8th Cir. 1976) 31, 60

United States v. Olgin, 745 F.2d 263 (3d Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1099 (1985) 12, 23

United States v. Oliveras, 905 F.2d 623 (2d Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Olson, 576 F.2d 1267 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 896 (1978) 11, 40

United States v. Olson, 751 F.2d 1126 (9th Cir. 1985) 24

United States v. Oren, 893 F.2d 1057 (9th Cir. 1990) 24

United States v. Ostendorff, 371 F.2d 729 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 386 U.S. 982 (1967) 10

United States v. Pacheco, 912 F.2d 297 (9th Cir. 1990) 30

United States v. Paiva, 892 F.2d 148 (1st Cir. 1989) 23

United States v. Palmer, 809 F.2d 1504 (11th Cir. 1987) 2, 5, 8, 31

United States v. Pandilidis, 524 F.2d 644 (6th Cir. 1975),

cert. denied, 424 U.S. 933 (1976) 10

United States v. Panteleakis, 422 F. Supp. 247 (R.I. 1976) 60

United States v. Parks, 489 F.2d 89 (5th Cir. 1974) 31, 33

United States v. Parnell, 581 F.2d 1374 (10th Cir. 1978),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 1076 (1979) 7, 23

United States v. Parr, 509 F.2d 1381 (5th Cir. 1975) 30

United States v. Parshall, 757 F.2d 211 (8th Cir. 1985) 40

United States v. Parsons, 967 F.2d 452 (10th Cir. 1992) 40, 60

United States v. Patrick, 542 F.2d 381 (7th Cir. 1976),

cert. denied, 430 U.S. 931 (1977) 8

United States v. Patterson, 465 F.2d 360 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 409 U.S. 1038 (1972) 18

United States v. Patterson, 644 F.2d 890 (1st Cir. 1981) 60

United States v. Paulton, 540 F.2d 886 (8th Cir. 1976) 18

United States v. Payne, 750 F.2d 844 (11th Cir. 1985) 21

United States v. Payne, 800 F.2d 227 (10th Cir. 1986) 40

United States v. Payne, 978 F.2d 1177 (10th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 2441 (1993) 7-8, 40

United States v. Pearce, 912 F.2d 159 (6th Cir. 1990),

cert. denied, 498 U.S. 1093 (1991) 23

United States v. Pechenik, 236 F.2d 844 (3d Cir. 1956) 30

United States v. Pederson, 784 F.2d 1462 (9th Cir. 1986) 40

United States v. Peister, 631 F.2d 658 (l0th Cir. 1980),

cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1126 (1981) 11, 40

United States v. Pelose, 538 F.2d 41 (2d Cir. 1976) 10

United States v. Pelullo, 964 F.2d 193 (3d Cir. 1992) 60

United States v. Penagos, 823 F.2d 346 (9th Cir. 1987) 23

United States v. Pennell, 737 F.2d 521 (6th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1158 (1985) 23, 30

United States v. Penosi, 452 F.2d 217 (5th Cir. 1971),

cert. denied, 405 U.S. 1065 (1972) 31-32

United States v. Pent-R Books, Inc., 538 F.2d 519 (2d Cir. 1976),

cert. denied, 430 U.S. 906 (1977) 60

United States v. Perez, 565 F.2d 1227 (2d Cir. 1977) 13

United States v. Perez, 922 F.2d 782 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 111 S. Ct. 2840 (1991) 21

United States v. Perez-Franco, 873 F.2d 455 (1st Cir. 1989) 5

United States v. Perry, 643 F.2d 38 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 454 U.S. 835 (1981) 21

United States v. Peterson, 338 F.2d 595 (7th Cir. 1964),

cert. denied, 380 U.S. 911 (1965) 8

United States v. Peterson, 548 F.2d 279 (9th Cir. 1977) 11

United States v. Pfeiffer, 539 F.2d 668 (8th Cir. 1976) 60

United States v. Picciandra, 788 F.2d 39 (1st Cir.),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 847 (1986) 8, 10, 12

United States v. Pierce, 17 F.3d 146, 150 (6th Cir. 1994) 5

United States v. Pilcher, 672 F.2d 875 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 973 (1982) 40

United States v. Pintar, 630 F.2d 1270 (8th Cir. 1980) 23

United States v. Pinto, 838 F.2d 426 (10th Cir. 1988) 7

United States v. Pinto, 838 F.2d 426 (10th Cir. 1988) 23, 31-32

United States v. Piper, 918 F.2d 839 (9th Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Pistante, 453 F.2d 412 (9th Cir. 1971) 8

United States v. Pitner, 979 F.2d 156 (9th Cir. 1992) 25

United States v. Plotke, 725 F.2d 1303 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 843 (1984) 23

United States v. Plotkin, 239 F. Supp. 129 (E.D. Wis. 1965) 18

United States v. Polk, 550 F.2d 566 (9th Cir. 1977) 18

United States v. Poll, 521 F.2d 329 (9th Cir. 1975) 9

United States v. Poll, 538 F.2d 845 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 429 U.S. 977 (1976) 9

United States v. Pollen, 978 F.2d 78 (3d Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 2332 (1993) 5, 8

United States v. Pomponio, 429 U.S. 10 (1976) 8-12, 16, 40

United States v. Ponder, 444 F.2d 816 (5th Cir. 1971),

cert. denied, 405 U.S. 918 (1972) 12

United States v. Popkin, 943 F.2d 1535 (11th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 1760 (1992) 17, 40

United States v. Porter, 764 F.2d 1 (1st Cir. 1985) 23

United States v. Porth, 426 F.2d 519 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 400 U.S. 824 (1970) 7, 9-10, 40

United States v. Poschwatta, 829 F.2d 1477 (9th Cir. 1987),

cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1064 (1988) 10, 40

United States v. Pottorf, 769 F. Supp. 1176 (D. Kan. 1991) 40

United States v. Potts, 459 F.2d 412 (7th Cir. 1972) 31

United States v. Powell, 806 F.2d 1421 (9th Cir. 1986) 21

United States v. Powell, 853 F.2d 601 (8th Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Powell, 955 F.2d 1206 (9th Cir. 1992) 8, 10, 40

United States v. Prevatt, 526 F.2d 400 (5th Cir. 1976) 60

United States v. Price, 798 F.2d 111 (5th Cir. 1986) 40

United States v. Price, 995 F.2d 729 (7th Cir. 1993) 23

United States v. Pritchett, 908 F.2d 816 (11th Cir. 1990) 23, 25

United States v. Procario, 356 F.2d 614 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 384 U.S. 1002 (1966) 31, 33

United States v. Pruitt, 702 F.2d 152 (8th Cir. 1983) 22

United States v. Pryor, 574 F.2d 440 (8th Cir. 1978) 11

United States v. Przybyla, 737 F.2d 828 (9th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 471 U.S. 1099 (1985) 17, 40

United States v. Puerto, 730 F.2d 627 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 847 (1984) 23

United States v. Quimby, 636 F.2d 86 (5th Cir. 1981) 10

United States v. Race, 632 F.2d 1114 (4th Cir. 1980) 24

United States v. Radseck, 718 F.2d 233 (7th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 465 U.S. 1029 (1984) 32

United States v. Ragano, 520 F.2d 1191 (5th Cir. 1975),

cert. denied, 427 U.S. 905 (1976) 60

United States v. Ragen, 314 U.S. 513 (1942) 30

United States v. Ramirez-Amaya, 812 F.2d 813 (2d Cir. 1987) 23

United States v. Ramsdell, 450 F.2d 130 (10th Cir. 1971) 8, 33

United States v. Ramsey, 785 F.2d 184 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied sub nom. McCreary v. United States,

476 U.S. 1186 (1986) 8, 10, 12

United States v. Ramsey, 992 F.2d 831 (8th Cir. 1993) 40

United States v. Randolph, 588 F.2d 931 (5th Cir. 1979) 18

United States v. Rangel, 585 F.2d 344 (8th Cir. 1978) 60

United States v. Rankin, 870 F.2d 109 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 493 U.S. 840 (1989) 23

United States v. Ratner, 464 F.2d 101 (9th Cir. 1972) 8, 24

United States v. Raymond, 793 F.2d 928 (8th Cir. 1986) 23

United States v. Rayor, 204 F. Supp. 486 (S.D. Cal. 1962) 12

United States v. Rea, 958 F.2d 1206 (2d Cir. 1992) 23

United States v. Read, 658 F.2d 1225 (7th Cir. 1981) 7, 23

United States v. Reagan, 453 F.2d 165 (6th Cir. 1971),

cert. denied, 406 U.S. 946 (1972) 41

United States v. Record, 873 F.2d 1363 (10th Cir. 1989) 23

United States v. Redwine, 715 F.2d 315 (7th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1216 (1984) 23

United States v. Reed, 601 F. Supp. 685 (S.D.N.Y. 1985) 24

United States v. Reed, 670 F.2d 622 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 457 U.S. 1125 (1982) 10-11, 40

United States v. Reeves (Reeves II), 782 F.2d 1323 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 837 (1986) 17

United States v. Reeves (Reeves I), 752 F.2d 995 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 834 (1985) 17, 40

United States v. Regan, 937 F.2d 823 (2d Cir. 1991),

amended by, 946 F.2d 188 (2nd Cir.), cert. denied sub nom.

Zarzecki v. United States, 112 S. Ct. 2273 (1992) 8

United States v. Regner, 677 F.2d 754 (9th Cir. 1982) 60

United States v. Rehal, 940 F.2d 1 (1st Cir. 1991) 5

United States v. Rey, 923 F.2d 1217 (6th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Reynolds, 919 F.2d 435 (7th Cir. 1990),

cert. denied, 111 S. Ct. 1402 (1991) 12, 23

United States v. Rice, 659 F.2d 524 (5th Cir. 1981) 10, 40

United States v. Rich, 580 F.2d 929 (9th Cir. 1978) 60

United States v. Richards, 723 F.2d 646 (8th Cir. 1983) 40

United States v. Richerson, 833 F.2d 1147 (5th Cir. 1987) 23

United States v. Richeson, 825 F.2d 17 (4th Cir. 1987) 24

United States v. Rickman, 638 F.2d 182 (10th Cir. 1980) 10, 40

United States v. Rifen, 577 F.2d 1111 (8th Cir. 1978) 11

United States v. Rigson, 874 F.2d 774 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 493 U.S. 958 (1989) 24

United States v. Rischard, 471 F.2d 105 (8th Cir. 1973) 8

United States v. Ritchie, 15 F.3d 592 (6th Cir. 1994) 25

United States v. Roan Eagle, 867 F.2d 436 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1028 (1989) 21

United States v. Robinson, 544 F.2d 110 (2d Cir. 1976),

cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1050 (1978) 31, 60

United States v. Robinson, 974 F.2d 575 (5th Cir. 1992) 8, 12

United States v. Rochelle, 384 F.2d 748 (5th Cir. 1967),

cert. denied, 390 U.S. 946 (1968) 8

United States v. Rodgers, 466 U.S. 475 (1984) 24

United States v. Rodriguez, 524 F.2d 485 (5th Cir. 1975),

cert. denied, 424 U.S. 972 (1976) 60

United States v. Rodriguez, 545 F.2d 829 (2d Cir. 1976),

cert. denied, 434 U.S. 819 (1977) 30

United States v. Rodriguez, 585 F.2d 1234 (5th Cir. 1978) 23

United States v. Rodriguez, 983 F.2d 455 (2d Cir. 1993) 8, 10, 12

United States v. Rodriguez-Rios, No. 92-8257 (5th Cir. Feb. 11, 1994) 24

United States v. Rogers, 853 F.2d 249 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 488 U.S. 946 (1988) 12-13

United States v. Rogers, 962 F.2d 342 (4th Cir. 1992) 25

United States v. Romano, 938 F.2d 1569 (2d Cir. 1991) 8

United States v. Romanow, 505 F.2d 813 (1st Cir. 1974) 12

United States v. Romanow, 509 F.2d 26 (1st Cir. 1975) 12, 60

United States v. Rooney, 866 F.2d 28 (2d Cir. 1989) 6

United States v. Rosenblatt, 554 F.2d 36 (2d Cir. 1977) 23

United States v. Rosengarten, 857 F.2d 76 (2d Cir. 1988),

cert. denied, 488 U.S. 1011 (1989) 23

United States v. Rosenstein, 474 F.2d 705 (2d Cir. 1973) 60

United States v. Rosenthal, 470 F.2d 837 (2d Cir. 1972),

cert. denied, 412 U.S. 909 (1973) 8

United States v. Roshko, 969 F.2d 9 (2d Cir. 1992) 24

United States v. Rosnow, 977 F.2d 399 (8th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied sub nom. Dewey v. United

States, 113 S. Ct. 1596 (1993) 17, 40

United States v. Ross, 511 F.2d 757 (5th Cir.)

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 836 (1975) 31

United States v. Rothbart, 723 F.2d 752 (10th Cir. 1983) 10

United States v. Rubio-Topete, 999 F.2d 1334 (9th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Rucker, 586 F.2d 899 (2d Cir. 1978) 21

United States v. Ruffin, 575 F.2d 346 (2d Cir. 1978) 60

United States v. Ruffin, 613 F.2d 408 (2d Cir. 1979) 21

United States v. Russell, 585 F.2d 368 (8th Cir. 1978) 40

United States v. Russo, 480 F.2d 1228 (6th Cir. 1973),

cert. denied, 414 U.S. 1157 (1974) 60

United States v. Ryan, 969 F.2d 238 (7th Cir. 1992) 10, 40

United States v. S & Vee Cartage Co., 704 F.2d 914 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 464 U.S. 935 (1983) 23

United States v. Sabatino, 943 F.2d 94 (1st Cir. 1991) 21

United States v. Salerno, 902 F.2d 1429 (9th Cir. 1990) 13

United States v. Sallee, 984 F.2d 643 (5th Cir. 1993) 8

United States v. Samara, 643 F.2d 701 (l0th Cir.),

cert. denied, 454 U.S. 829 (1981) 8, 12

United States v. Sams, 865 F.2d 713 (6th Cir. 1988),

cert. denied, 491 U.S. 905 (1989) 10

United States v. Sand, 541 F.2d 1370 (9th Cir. 1976),

cert. denied sub nom. Scully v. United

States, 429 U.S. 1103 (1977) 60

United States v. Sanders, 749 F.2d 195 (5th Cir. 1984) 60

United States v. Sanderson, 966 F.2d 184 (6th Cir. 1992) 12

United States v. Sandini, 803 F.2d 123 (3d Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1093 (1987) 23

United States v. Sans, 731 F.2d 1521 (11th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1111 (1985) 23

United States v. Santopietro, 996 F.2d 17 (2d Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Saputski, 496 F.2d 140 (9th Cir. 1974) 60

United States v. Sarrantos, 455 F.2d 877 (2d Cir. 1972) 24

United States v. Sarsoun, 834 F.2d 1358 (7th Cir. 1987) 40

United States v. Sassak, 881 F.2d 276 (6th Cir. 1989) 13, 21, 40

United States v. Saunders, 973 F.2d 1354 (7th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1026 (1993) 5

United States v. Saussy, 802 F.2d 849 (6th Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 480 U.S. 907 (1987) 2, 5, 10, 40

United States v. Sawyer, 607 F.2d 1190 (7th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 445 U.S. 943 (1980) 10

United States v. Scallion, 533 F.2d 903 (5th Cir. 1976),

cert. denied sub nom. Jenkins v. United

States, 429 U.S. 1079 (1977) 60

United States v. Schafer, 580 F.2d 774 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 970 (1978) 8, 10, 31

United States v. Scharf, 558 F.2d 498 (8th Cir. 1977) 9

United States v. Scher, 476 F.2d 319 (7th Cir. 1973) 8

United States v. Schiff, 612 F.2d 73 (2d Cir. 1979) 10, 40

United States v. Schiff, 801 F.2d 108 (2d Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 480 U.S. 945 (1987) 11-12, 40

United States v. Schiff, 876 F.2d 272 (2d Cir. 1989) 40

United States v. Schipani, 362 F.2d 825 (2d Cir.),

vacated and remanded on other grounds, 385 U.S.

372 (1966) 31

United States v. Schmidt, 935 F.2d 1440 (4th Cir. 1991) 5, 23

United States v. Schmidt, 947 F.2d 362 (9th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Schmitt, 784 F.2d 880 (8th Cir. 1986) 40

United States v. Schmitt, 794 F.2d 555 (10th Cir. 1986) 10, 40

United States v. Schmoker, 564 F.2d 289 (9th Cir. 1977) 16, 24

United States v. Schnaiderman, 568 F.2d 1208 (5th Cir. 1978) 24

United States v. Schram, 9 F.3d 741, 742 (9th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Schulman, 817 F.2d 1355 (9th Cir.),

cert. dismissed, 483 U.S. 1042 (1987) 8, 13

United States v. Schultz, 855 F.2d 1217 (6th Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Schutterle, 586 F.2d 1201 (8th Cir. 1978) 30

United States v. Schwartz, 535 F.2d 160 (2d Cir. 1976),

cert. denied, 430 U.S. 906 (1977) 23

United States v. Schweihs, 971 F.2d 1302 (7th Cir. 1992),

on remand, 1993 WL 157450 (May 12, 1993),

on reconsideration, 1993 WL 18620 (June 3, 1993) 5

United States v. Scott, 660 F.2d 1145 (7th Cir. 1981),

cert. denied, 455 U.S. 907 (1982) 8, 30-31

United States v. Scrima, 819 F.2d 996 (11th Cir. 1987) 31

United States v. Seeger, 380 U.S. 163 (1965) 40

United States v. Segal, 867 F.2d 1173 (8th Cir. 1989) 8, 10

United States v. Seligsohn, 981 F.2d 1418 (3d Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Shavin, 320 F.2d 308 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 375 U.S. 944 (1963) 30

United States v. Shermetaro, 625 F.2d 104 (6th Cir. 1980) 23

United States v. Shields, 571 F.2d 1115 (9th Cir. 1978) 33

United States v. Shields, 751 F.2d 247 (8th Cir. 1984) 40

United States v. Shin, 953 F.2d 559 (9th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 2933 (1993) 5

United States v. Shivers, 788 F.2d 1046 (5th Cir. 1986) 10, 40

United States v. Shorter, 809 F.2d 54 (D.C. Cir.),

cert. denied, 484 U.S. 817 (1987) 8

United States v. Shortt Accountancy Corp., 785 F.2d 1448 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 478 U.S. 1007 (1986) 12

United States v. Shotwell Manufacturing Co., 355 U.S. 233 (1957) 4

United States v. Shoup, 608 F.2d 950 (3d Cir. 1979) 23

United States v. Shriver, 967 F.2d 572 (11th Cir. 1992) 5, 17, 40

United States v. Shy, 383 F. Supp. 673 (D. Del. 1974) 10

United States v. Sigalow, 812 F.2d 783 (2d Cir. 1987) 23

United States v. Silevan, 985 F.2d 962 (8th Cir. 1993) 23, 40

United States v. Silva, 715 F.2d 43 (2d Cir. 1983) 24

United States v. Silverman, 449 F.2d 1341 (2d Cir. 1971),

cert. denied, 405 U.S. 1918 (1972) 8

United States v. Silverman, 745 F.2d 1386 (11th Cir. 1984) 17

United States v. Singh, 922 F.2d 1169 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 260 (1991) 21

United States v. Sinigaglio, 942 F.2d 581 (9th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. Siragusa, 450 F.2d 592 (2d Cir. 1971),

cert. denied, 405 U.S. 974 (1972) 8

United States v. Sitka, 845 F.2d 43 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 488 U.S. 827 (1988) 40

United States v. Skalicky, 615 F.2d 1117 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 449 U.S. 832 (1980) 8, 31

United States v. Sloan, 939 F.2d 499 (7th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 940 (1992) 40

United States v. Slutsky, 487 F.2d 832 (2d Cir. 1973),

cert. denied, 416 U.S. 937 (1974) 6, 8, 33

United States v. Smith, 348 U.S. 147 (1954) 30

United States v. Smith, 484 F.2d 8 (l0th Cir. 1973),

cert. denied, 415 U.S. 978 (1974) 11

United States v. Smith, 521 F.2d 957 (C.A. D.C. 1975) 60

United States v. Smith, 618 F.2d 280 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 449 U.S. 868 (1980) 10, 40

United States v. Smith, 735 F.2d 1196 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1076 (1984) 40

United States v. Smith, 740 F.2d 734 (9th Cir. 1984) 24

United States v. Smith, 789 F.2d 196 (3d Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1031 (1987) 23

United States v. Smith, 832 F.2d 1167 (9th Cir. 1987) 21

United States v. Smith, 890 F.2d 711 (5th Cir. 1989) 8, 31

United States v. Smith, 891 F.2d 703 (9th Cir. 1989),

cert. denied, 498 U.S. 811 (1990) 21

United States v. Smith, 910 F.2d 326 (6th Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Smith, 918 F.2d 1551 (11th Cir. 1990) 23

United States v. Smith, No. 92-1612 (5th Cir. Aug. 11, 1993) 25

United States v. Snider, 502 F.2d 645 (4th Cir. 1974) 22

United States v. Snyder, 766 F.2d 167 (4th Cir. 1985) 40

United States v. Solomon, 825 F.2d 1292 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1046 (1987) 8, 13

United States v. Sopczak, 742 F.2d 1119 (8th Cir. 1984) 21

United States v. Sorrentino, 726 F.2d 876 (1st Cir. 1984) 31

United States v. Soulard, 730 F.2d 1292 (9th Cir. 1984) 30, 31, 33

United States v. Southard, 700 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.),

cert. denied, 464 U.S. 823 (1983) 21

United States v. Southland, 760 F.2d 1366 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 825 (1985) 23

United States v. Spector, 793 F.2d 932 (8th Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1031 (1987) 23

United States v. Spine, 945 F.2d 143 (6th Cir. 1991) 10, 40, 60

United States v. Spiropoulos, 976 F.2d 155 (3d Cir. 1992) 5

United States v. Sprecher, 783 F. Supp. 133 (S.D.N.Y.1992) 24

United States v. Springer, 831 F.2d 781 (8th Cir. 1984) 23

United States v. St. Pierre, 377 F. Supp. 1063 (S.D. Fla. 1974),

aff'd, 510 F.2d 383 (5th Cir. 1975) 8

United States v. Stafford, 983 F.2d 25 (5th Cir. 1993) 40

United States v. Stanberry, 963 F.2d 1323 (10th Cir 1992) 5

United States v. Steele, 933 F.2d 1313 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 303 (1991) 24

United States v. Stein, 437 F.2d 775 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 403 U.S. 905 (1971) 8, 33

United States v. Stevens, 909 F.2d 431 (11th Cir. 1990) 23

United States v. Stevenson, 540 F. Supp. 93 (Del. 1982) 18

United States v. Stillhammer, 706 F.2d 1072 (10th Cir. 1983) 10, 40

United States v. Stinson, 113 S. Ct. 1913 (1993) 5

United States v. Stokes, 998 F.2d 279 (5th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Stone, 531 F.2d 939 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 429 U.S. 824 (1976) 31

United States v. Stone, 770 F.2d 842 (9th Cir. 1985) 33

United States v. Strand, 617 F.2d 571 (10th Cir.),

cert. denied, 449 U.S. 841 (1980) 12

United States v. Stuart, 689 F.2d 759 (8th Cir. 1982),

cert. denied, 460 U.S. 1037 (1983) 10

United States v. Studley, 783 F.2d 934 (9th Cir. 1986) 40

United States v. Sturman, 951 F.2d 1466 (6th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 2964 (1992) 14, 23, 60

United States v. Suggs, 755 F.2d 1538 (11th Cir. 1985) 22, 24

United States v. Sullivan, 274 U.S. 259 (1927) 40

United States v. Summet, 862 F.2d 784 (9th Cir. 1988) 40

United States v. Suskin, 450 F.2d 596 (2d Cir. 1971) 8, 30

United States v. Swallow, 511 F.2d 514 (10th Cir. 1974),

cert. denied, 423 U.S. 845 (1975) 8

United States v. Swarthout, 420 F.2d 831 (6th Cir. 1970) 14

United States v. Tafoya, 757 F.2d 1522 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 921 (1985) 30-31, 33

United States v. Tager, 479 F.2d 120 (10th Cir. 1973),

cert. denied, 414 U.S. 1162 (1974) 8

United States v. Tager, 481 F.2d 97 (10th Cir. 1973),

cert. denied, 415 U.S. 914 (1974) 8

United States v. Tannenbaum, 934 F.2d 8 (2d Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Tarantino, 846 F.2d 1384 (D.C. Cir.),

cert. denied, 488 U.S. 840 (1988) 23

United States v. Tarnopol, 561 F.2d 466 (3rd Cir. 1977) 25

United States v. Tarvers, 833 F.2d 1068 (1st Cir. 1987) 23

United States v. Taylor, 305 F.2d 183 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 371 U.S. 894 (1962) 8

United States v. Taylor, 574 F.2d 232 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 893 (1978) 12, 13, 30

United States v. Taylor, 907 F.2d 801 (8th Cir. 1990) 24

United States v. Taylor, 984 F.2d 298 (9th Cir. 1993) 5

United States v. Tedder, 787 F.2d 540 (10th Cir. 1986) 40

United States v. Tedder, 801 F.2d 1437 (4th Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 480 U.S. 938 (1987) 23

United States v. Telemaque, 934 F.2d 169 (8th Cir. 1991) 23, 40

United States v. Terrell, 754 F.2d 1139 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 472 U.S. 1029 (1985) 31

United States v. Thetford, 676 F.2d 170 (5th Cir. 1982),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1148 (1983) 8

United States v. Thibodeaux, 758 F.2d 199 (7th Cir. 1985) 40

United States v. Thomas, 788 F.2d 1250 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 479 U.S. 853 (1986) 11

United States v. Thomas, 906 F.2d 323 (7th Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Thomas, 930 F.2d 526 (7th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 171 (1991) 5

United States v. Thompson, 806 F.2d 1332 (7th Cir. 1986) 8

United States v. Tierney, 947 F.2d 854 (8th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Tilton, 610 F.2d 302 (5th Cir. 1980) 23

United States v. Tobon-Builes, 706 F.2d 1092 (11th Cir. 1983) 21

United States v. Todaro, 610 F. Supp. 923 (W.D.N.Y. 1985) 31

United States v. Tolbert, 367 F.2d 778 (7th Cir. 1966) 31-32

United States v. Tolbert, 406 F.2d 81 (7th Cir. 1969) 31

United States v. Toler, 901 F.2d 399 (4th Cir. 1990) 5

United States v. Torquato, 602 F.2d 564 (3d Cir.),

cert. denied, 444 U.S. 941 (1979) 40

United States v. Torres, 809 F.2d 429 (7th Cir. 1987) 21

United States v. Touhey, 867 F.2d 534 (9th Cir. 1989) 23

United States v. Toushin, 899 F.2d 617 (7th Cir. 1990) 8

United States v. Toyota Motor Corp., 561 F.Supp. 354 (C.D. Cal. 1983) 41

United States v. Tracey, 675 F.2d 433 (1st Cir. 1982) 31

United States v. Tranakos, 911 F.2d 1422 (10th Cir. 1990) 8, 13, 23

United States v. Treadwell, 760 F.2d 327 (D.C. Cir. 1985),

cert. denied, 474 U.S. 1064 (1986) 23

United States v. Trownsell, 367 F.2d 815 (7th Cir. 1966) 7

United States v. Tucker, 552 F.2d 202 (7th Cir. 1977) 21

United States v. Tucker, 686 F.2d 230 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1071 (1982) 9-10

United States v. Tunnell, 481 F.2d 149 (5th Cir. 1973),

cert. denied, 415 U.S. 948 (1974) 31

United States v. Turano, 802 F.2d 10 (lst Cir. 1986) 40

United States v. Turk, 722 F.2d 1439 (9th Cir. 1983),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 818 (1984) 40

United States v. Turnbull, 888 F.2d 636 (9th Cir. 1989),

cert. denied, 498 U.S. 825 (1990) 40

United States v. Turner, 799 F.2d 627 (10th Cir. 1986) 11

United States v. Turner, 936 F.2d 221 (6th Cir. 1991) 23

United States v. Turoff, 853 F.2d 1037 (2d Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. U.S. District Court, 693 F.2d 68 (9th Cir. 1982) 6

United States v. U.S. Gypsum Co., 438 U.S. 422 (1978) 23

United States v. Ullrich, 580 F.2d 765 (5th Cir. 1978) 60

United States v. Upton, 799 F.2d 432 (8th Cir. 1986) 10, 40

United States v. Urbanek, 930 F.2d 1512 (10th Cir. 1991) 5

United States v. Uribe, 890 F.2d 554 (1st Cir. 1989) 23

United States v. Urrego-Linares, 879 F.2d 1234 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 439 U.S. 943 (1991) 5

United States v. Valdez, 594 F.2d 725 (9th Cir. 1979) 24

United States v. Van Hee, 531 F.2d 352 (6th Cir. 1976) 23

United States v. Vance, 730 F.2d 736 (11th Cir. 1984) 10, 40

United States v. Vanderburgh, 473 F.2d 1313 (9th Cir. 1973) 31

United States v. Vannelli, 595 F.2d 402 (8th Cir. 1979) 31, 33

United States v. Vardine, 305 F.2d 60 (2d Cir. 1962) 8, 31

United States v. Vario, 484 F.2d 1052 (2d Cir. 1973),

cert. denied, 414 U.S. 1129 (1974) 30

United States v. Vaughn, 797 F.2d 1485 (9th Cir. 1986) 21

United States v. Venditti, 533 F.2d 217 (5th Cir. 1976) 8, 30

United States v. Venuto, 182 F.2d 519 (3d Cir. 1950) 33

United States v. Verkuilen, 690 F.2d 648 (7th Cir. 1982) 10, 40

United States v. Vetco, Inc., 644 F.2d 1324 (9th Cir.),

amended on rehearing, 691 F.2d 1281

cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1098 (1981) 41

United States v. Vogel Fertilizer Co., 455 U.S. 16 (1982) 25

United States v. Vogt, 910 F.2d 1184 (4th Cir. 1990),

cert. denied, 498 U.S. 1083 (1991) 7, 23

United States v. Voorhies, 658 F.2d 710 (9th Cir. 1981) 8, 10, 40

United States v. Vroman, 975 F.2d 669 (9th Cir. 1992),

cert. denied, 113 S. Ct. 1611 (1993) 10, 40

United States v. Wade, 585 F.2d 573 (5th Cir. 1978),

cert. denied, 440 U.S. 928 (1979) 10

United States v. Wadsworth, 830 F.2d 1500 (9th Cir. 1987) 40

United States v. Wagoner, 713 F.2d 1371 (8th Cir. 1983) 60

United States v. Wainwright, 413 F.2d 796 (10th Cir. 1969),

cert. denied, 396 U.S. 1009 (1970) 8, 12, 60

United States v. Waldeck, 909 F.2d 555 (1st Cir. 1990) 8, 40

United States v. Waldman, 941 F.2d 1544 (11th Cir. 1991),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 2938 (1992) 7, 23

United States v. Walker, 885 F.2d 1353 (8th Cir. 1989) 5

United States v. Walker, 896 F.2d 295 (8th Cir. 1990) 8

United States v. Waller, 468 F.2d 327 (5th Cir. 1972),

cert. denied, 410 U.S. 927 (1973) 8

United States v. Walsh, 627 F.2d 88 (7th Cir. 1980) 8

United States v. Walsh, 742 F.2d 1006 (6th Cir. 1984) 40

United States v. Walton, 908 F.2d 1289 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 498 U.S. 990 (1990) 5

United States v. Ward, 833 F.2d 1538 (11th Cir. 1987),

cert. denied, 485 U.S. 1022 (1988) 40

United States v. Ward, 989 F.2d 1015 (9th Cir. 1992) 40

United States v. Warden, 545 F.2d 32 (7th Cir. 1976) 30

United States v. Warinner, 607 F.2d 210 (8th Cir. 1979),

cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 (1980) 40

United States v. Warner, 690 F.2d 545 (6th Cir. 1982) 23

United States v. Warner, 830 F.2d 651 (7th Cir. 1987) 40

United States v. Wazney, 529 F.2d 1287 (9th Cir. 1976) 7

United States v. Webb, 359 F.2d 558 (6th Cir.),

cert. denied, 385 F.2d 824 (1966) 23

United States v. Wellendorf, 574 F.2d 1289 (5th Cir. 1978) 10

United States v. West, 877 F.2d 281 (4th Cir.),

cert. denied, 493 U.S. 860 (1989) 7, 23

United States v. White, 417 F.2d 89 (2d Cir. 1969),

cert. denied, 397 U.S. 912 (1970) 8

United States v. White, 671 F.2d 1126 (8th Cir. 1982) 7, 23

United States v. White, 869 F.2d 822 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1112 (1989) 5

United States v. White, 887 F.2d 267 (D.C. Cir. 1989) 24

United States v. Whitesel, 543 F.2d 1176 (6th Cir. 1976),

cert. denied, 431 U.S. 967 (1977) 40

United States v. Whiteside, 810 F.2d 1306 (5th Cir. 1987) 8

United States v. Whyte, 699 F.2d 375 (7th Cir. 1980),

cert. denied, 450 U.S. 965 (1981) 12

United States v. Wiese, 750 F.2d 674 (8th Cir. 1984) 30, 33

United States v. Wilber, 696 F.2d 79 (8th Cir. 1982) 40

United States v. Wiley, 846 F.2d 150 (2d Cir. 1988) 23

United States v. Wiley, 979 F.2d 365 (5th Cir. 1992) 40

United States v. Wilkins, 385 F.2d 465 (4th Cir. 1967),

cert. denied, 390 U.S. 951 (1968) 8, 30

United States v. Williams, 644 F.2d 696 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 454 U.S. 841 (1981) 13, 17, 21, 40

United States v. Williams, 661 F.2d 528 (5th Cir. 1981) 60

United States v. Williams, 875 F.2d 846 (llth Cir. 1989) 8, 10

United States v. Williams, 922 F.2d 737 (11th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 258 (1991) 5

United States v. Williams, 928 F.2d 145 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 58 (1991) 7-8, 40

United States v. Willie, 941 F.2d 1384 (10th Cir. 1991) 40

United States v. Willis, 925 F.2d 359 (10th Cir. 1991) 5

United States v. Wilmer, 799 F.2d 495 (9th Cir.),

cert. denied, 481 U.S. 1004 (1987) 40

United States v. Wilson, 550 F.2d 259 (5th Cir. 1977) 10

United States v. Wilson, 647 F.2d 534 (5th Cir. 1981) 31

United States v. Wilson, 887 F.2d 69 (5th Cir. 1989) 8, 12, 30

United States v. Windfelder, 790 F.2d 576 (7th Cir. 1986) 8

United States v. Windham, 489 F.2d 1389 (5th Cir. 1974) 31

United States v. Winfield, 960 F.2d 970 (11th Cir. 1992) 7-8

United States v. Wirsing, 719 F.2d 859 (6th Cir. 1983) 31

United States v. Wolfson, 573 F.2d 216 (5th Cir. 1978) 13

United States v. Wolters, 656 F.2d 523 (9th Cir. 1981) 10, 40

United States v. Woodner, 317 F.2d 649 (2d Cir.),

cert. denied, 375 U.S. 903 (1963) 8

United States v. Woods, 518 F.2d 696 (8th Cir. 1975) 60

United States v. Wuagneux, 683 F.2d 1343 (11th Cir. 1982),

cert. denied, 464 U.S. 814 (1983) 24

United States v. Wunder, 919 F.2d 34 (6th Cir. 1990) 40

United States v. Wyman, 724 F.2d 684 (8th Cir. 1984) 2

United States v. Wyss, 239 F.2d 658 (7th Cir. 1957) 8

United States v. Yagow, 953 F.2d 423 (8th Cir. 1992) 17, 40

United States v. Yakobov, 712 F.2d 20 (2d Cir. 1983) 10, 60

United States v. Yamin, 868 F.2d 130 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 492 U.S. 924 (1989) 23

United States v. Yates, 354 U.S. 298 (1957) 23

United States v. Yates, 553 F.2d 518 (6th Cir. 1977) 60

United States v. Yermian, 468 U.S. 63 (1984) 24

United States v. Young, 804 F.2d 116 (8th Cir. 1986),

cert. denied, 482 U.S. 913 (1987) 12

United States v. Young, 954 F.2d 614 (10th Cir. 1992) 23

United States v. Zaccardi, 924 F.2d 201 (11th Cir. 1991) 5

United States v. Zeidman, 540 F.2d 314 (7th Cir. 1976) 60

United States v. Zielie, 734 F.2d 1447 (11th Cir. 1984),

cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1216 (1985) 23, 60

United States v. Zimmerman, 832 F.2d 454 (8th Cir. 1987) 13, 23, 40

Vanguard Intern. Mfg., Inc. v. United States, 588 F. Supp. 1234

(S.D. N.Y. 1984) 41

Vanguard Intern. Mfg., Inc. v. United States, 588 F. Supp. 1229

(S.D. N.Y. 1984) 41

Von Brimer v. Whirlpool Corp., 362 F. Supp. 1182 (N.D. Cal. 1973) 60

Wade v. United States, 112 S. Ct. 1840 (1992) 5

Warden v. Hayden, 378 U.S. 294 (1967) 3

Warszower v. United States, 312 U.S. 342 (1941) 30-31

Wheat v. United States, 486 U.S. 153 (1988) 40

White v. Cessna Aircraft Co., 611 F. Supp. 1049 (W.D. Mo. 1985) 60

Williams v. United States, 112 S. Ct. 1112 (1992) 5

Williams v. United States, 404 F.2d 1372 (5th Cir. 1968),

cert. denied, 394 U.S. 992 (1969) 60

Willingham v. United States, 289 F.2d 283 (5th Cir.),

cert. denied, 368 U.S. 826 (1961) 8

Wilson v. United States, 250 F. 2d 312 (9th Cir. 1958) 9

Yeloushan v. United States, 339 F.2d 533 (5th Cir. 1964) 18

Zurcher v. Stanford Daily, 436 U.S. 547 (1978) 3

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